Fiche de révision : Histoire et société de l'Australasie

📋 Plan du Cours

1. Histoire et impact des populations aborigènes en Australie
2. Politique d'immigration australienne et multiculturalisme depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale
3. Arrivée et histoire des Māori en Nouvelle-Zélande
4. Événements sociaux et économiques majeurs en Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande
5. Rôle et influence des guerres mondiales et conflits régionaux sur Australasie
6. Formation, rôle et commémorations du corps militaire ANZAC et de la campagne de Gallipoli
7. Géographie, biodiversité, ressources naturelles et vulnérabilités environnementales de l’Australasie
8. Influence du paysage et de la nature d’Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande sur la culture et le cinéma

📖 1. Histoire et impact des populations aborigènes en Australie

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Stolen Generations : Group of indigenous children forcibly removed from their families between 1910 and the 1970s as part of assimilation policies, often placed in boarding schools or with white families, resulting in loss of family connection, language, and culture.
• Became systematic from 1910 till : Period from 1910 to the 1970s during which policies of forcibly assimilating indigenous children were implemented systematically across Australia.
• Children became systematic from 1910 : Starting in 1910, indigenous children were systematically removed from their families as part of government assimilation policies.

📝 Points essentiels

• La population aborigène a été décimée par les maladies européennes et les traitements brutaux, passant d'environ 750 000 à moins de 95 000 en 1901.
• Depuis 2008, le Sorry Day commémore ces injustices, et depuis 2021, l'hymne national australien a été modifié pour reconnaître l'histoire indigène.

💡 À retenir

Comprendre la longue histoire, les souffrances et la résilience des populations aborigènes est essentiel pour saisir l'identité et les enjeux contemporains de l'Australie.

📖 2. Politique d'immigration australienne et multiculturalisme depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Immigration Restriction Act : loi australienne qui limite l'entrée des personnes non européennes, notamment par des restrictions raciales, notamment en 1901. Elle a été abrogée en 1970, marquant un tournant vers une politique plus ouverte.

• immigration from : origine géographique des migrants, qui a évolué au fil du temps, passant d'une préférence pour l'Europe à une forte immigration en provenance d'Asie, notamment avec l'arrivée des boat people vietnamiens.

• policy with : ensemble de règles et de mesures adoptées par l'Australie pour gérer l'immigration, incluant la détention obligatoire sans limite de temps depuis 1992, et la détention en centres sur des îles du Pacifique entre 2001 et 2007.

• Aboriginal people : populations indigènes d'Australie, présentes depuis plus de 50 000 ans, dont la reconnaissance dans le recensement s'est améliorée, même si leur situation reste spécifique.

📝 Points essentiels

• En 1970, l'Australie a abrogé sa politique de 1901 interdisant l'entrée aux personnes non européennes, ouvrant ainsi ses portes à une immigration plus diversifiée. Cette évolution a permis une diversification géographique des migrants, avec l'Asie devenant la principale source d'immigration, notamment avec l'arrivée des boat people vietnamiens dans les années 1970. La politique migratoire s'est également durcie en 1992 avec l'adoption d'une détention obligatoire sans limite de temps pour toute personne entrant sans visa valide. Entre 2001 et 2007, les migrants interceptés étaient détenus dans des centres situés sur des îles du Pacifique, telles que Nauru ou la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, en attendant la détermination de leur statut de réfugié. Aujourd'hui, 30 % de la population australienne est issue de l'immigration, ce qui constitue la proportion la plus élevée parmi les pays de plus de 10 millions d'habitants. La majorité des migrants légaux sont des travailleurs hautement qualifiés ou des étudiants, représentant environ 5 % de la population. La loi sur l'immigration, notamment l'Immigration Restriction Act, a longtemps limité l'immigration non blanche, mais les populations indigènes, les Aboriginal people, ne sont plus exclues du recensement. La période des gold rushes a également attiré de nombreux immigrants, contribuant à la croissance démographique.

💡 À retenir

L'évolution de la politique migratoire australienne, passant d'une restriction raciale à une société multiculturelle, illustre la transition d'une société blanche vers une nation diversifiée, confrontée aux enjeux contemporains d'intégration et de gestion des réfugiés.

📖 3. Arrivée et histoire des Māori en Nouvelle-Zélande

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Treaty with 500 Māori : Accord signé en 1840 entre la Grande-Bretagne et 500 chefs Māori, connu sous le nom de Traité de Waitangi, qui constitue la base du gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Zélande.
• Māori resisted colonial : Opposition des Māori à la domination coloniale britannique, qui a conduit à de nombreuses guerres internes après la signature du traité de 1840.

📝 Points essentiels

• En 1769, le capitaine James Cook a revendiqué la Nouvelle-Zélande pour la Grande-Bretagne.
• Le Traité de Waitangi, signé en 1840 avec 500 chefs Māori, constitue la base du gouvernement néo-zélandais.
• La population Māori est passée de 100 000 à environ 42 000 en 1896, puis représente aujourd'hui 16,5% de la population.
• Treaty of Waitangi (NZ)

💡 À retenir

L'histoire des Māori montre les tensions coloniales et leur persistance culturelle, influençant la société et la politique néo-zélandaises modernes.

📖 4. Événements sociaux et économiques majeurs en Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• National anthem The Native Title : Legislation in Australia that legally recognizes the land rights of Aboriginal peoples.
• Plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair : A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem

📝 Points essentiels

• Les six colonies australiennes se sont unies pour former le Commonwealth d'Australie.
• The six colonies unite as the Commonwealth of Australia.

💡 À retenir

Social and economic changes in Australasia demonstrate a gradual adaptation to global challenges and internal demands for justice and equality.

📖 5. Rôle et influence des guerres mondiales et conflits régionaux sur Australasie

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Prime : Chef d’État élu ou nommé qui détient la plus haute fonction politique dans un pays ou une région.
• Scott Morrison : Premier ministre australien, ayant exercé cette fonction à partir de 2018, dont l’engagement dans la politique et les affaires étrangères a été influencé par l’histoire militaire du pays.

📝 Points essentiels

• Les citoyens australiens et néo-zélandais ont largement participé aux deux guerres mondiales en tant que membres de l'Empire britannique. Leur engagement massif dans ces conflits a renforcé leur identité nationale tout en consolidant leur lien avec la Grande-Bretagne.

• L'Australie et la Nouvelle-Zélande ont également engagé des troupes dans la guerre de Corée sous mandat de l'ONU, ce qui témoigne de leur implication dans la politique de sécurité collective et leur volonté de participer à des opérations internationales sous l’égide d’organisations mondiales.

• Ces deux pays ont participé à la guerre du Vietnam aux côtés des États-Unis, renforçant leur alliance avec les puissances occidentales et leur position dans la politique de containment face au communisme.

• Ces engagements militaires ont eu pour effet de renforcer les liens militaires et politiques avec les puissances occidentales, notamment le Royaume-Uni et les États-Unis, tout en façonnant leur politique extérieure.

• Les conflits ont profondément marqué la société, la mémoire collective et la politique extérieure de la région. La participation aux guerres a influencé la perception de la sécurité nationale, la mémoire collective autour du sacrifice et de l’héroïsme, ainsi que la politique intérieure, notamment en matière de défense et de relations internationales.

💡 À retenir

Les engagements militaires internationaux ont façonné l’identité, la politique et les relations internationales de l'Australasie au XXe siècle, en renforçant ses liens avec les puissances occidentales et en influençant sa mémoire collective.

📖 6. Formation, rôle et commémorations du corps militaire ANZAC et de la campagne de Gallipoli

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• ANZAC Day : Jour férié commémorant le 25 avril, date de la première action militaire du Corps militaire ANZAC lors de la campagne de Gallipoli en 1915, honorant l'engagement militaire des Australiens et Néo-Zélandais.
• Gallipoli Campaign : Ordered by British Navy Minister Winston Churchill.

📝 Points essentiels

• La sculpture de l'artiste néo-zélandais Alan Somerville illustre l'importance symbolique de l'ANZAC en Australie.
• Le Corps militaire ANZAC a été formé au début de la Première Guerre mondiale avec des soldats australiens et néo-zélandais.

💡 À retenir

La mémoire d'ANZAC et Gallipoli incarne l'esprit national et la solidarité trans-Tasman, fondant une identité commune à travers le sacrifice militaire.

📖 7. Géographie, biodiversité, ressources naturelles et vulnérabilités environnementales de l’Australasie

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Zone économique exclusive (ZEE) : espace maritime étendu dont un État possède le droit d'exploiter les ressources naturelles, qui s'étend généralement à 200 milles nautiques de ses côtes. L’Australie et la Nouvelle-Zélande disposent parmi les plus grandes ZEE au monde, en raison de leur longue côte et de leurs nombreux îlots.

• Biodiversité spécifique : diversité d'espèces unique à une région géographique donnée. L’Australasie, isolée géographiquement, possède une biodiversité endémique remarquable, comprenant des espèces comme le kangourou, le koala, le diable de Tasmanie, le dingo, ou le kiwi, qui ne se trouvent nulle part ailleurs.

📝 Points essentiels

• L’isolement géographique de l’Australasie a favorisé une biodiversité unique, avec des espèces telles que les kangourous, les koalas, les diables de Tasmanie, les dingos, ou encore les kiwis en Nouvelle-Zélande. Ces espèces endémiques illustrent la spécificité biologique de la région, façonnée par sa séparation du reste du monde.

• L’Australie et la Nouvelle-Zélande possèdent parmi les plus grandes zones économiques exclusives maritimes au monde, en raison de leur longue côte et de leur nombre d’îles. Ces vastes ZEE leur confèrent un accès privilégié à des ressources marines importantes.

• L’Australie est le continent habité le plus sec, ce qui en fait le plus vulnérable aux effets du changement climatique. La sécheresse extrême contribue à des phénomènes tels que les incendies de forêt, notamment ceux de la saison 2019-2020, qui ont été particulièrement violents et ont causé la mort d’environ un milliard d’animaux.

• La Nouvelle-Zélande est sujette à des risques géologiques importants, notamment les volcans et les séismes. Sa géologie montagneuse et ses îles étroites s’étendent sur 1 600 km, offrant des paysages spectaculaires, notamment utilisés comme décors pour les films de Tolkien réalisés par Peter Jackson.

• Les ressources naturelles australiennes incluent le charbon, le fer, le cuivre, l’or, le gaz naturel et l’uranium. Ces ressources font de l’Australie un acteur majeur dans l’exportation mondiale de ces matières.

💡 À retenir

La géographie isolée de l’Australasie a façonné une biodiversité endémique exceptionnelle, tandis que ses vastes ressources naturelles et ses zones économiques exclusives en font un acteur clé sur le plan économique. Cependant, sa vulnérabilité face aux changements climatiques et aux risques géologiques constitue un défi majeur pour son avenir.

📖 8. Influence du paysage et de la nature d’Australie et Nouvelle-Zélande sur la culture et le cinéma

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Culture & Arts National politics : Les événements historiques et politiques, tels que la campagne de Gallipoli, ont contribué à forger l'identité nationale australienne et néo-zélandaise en valorisant des valeurs comme le courage, la résilience et la fraternité.

📝 Points essentiels

• Media, Culture & Arts
• La Nouvelle-Zélande, avec ses paysages montagneux spectaculaires, a servi de décor principal pour les films de la trilogie Le Seigneur des Anneaux.

💡 À retenir

Le paysage naturel d’Australasie est une source d’inspiration majeure qui façonne son identité culturelle et son rayonnement artistique mondial.

🧩 Compléments de couverture

1. Détail source à réviser : Australia and New Zealand Australian History • Archaeologists say Aboriginal people have been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years. They are one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British ex (Source: "Australia and New Zealand Australian History • Archaeologists say Aboriginal people have been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years. They are one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In")
2. Détail source à réviser : people have been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years. They are one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declar (Source: "people have been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years. They are one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In 1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners there. Other")
3. Détail source à réviser : “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In 1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners there. Other colonies followed. The penal-colony s (Source: "“discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In 1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners there. Other colonies followed. The penal-colony system ended in 1868. • The Aboriginal population was decimated by brutal treatment and by European diseases. Estimated at about 750,000")
4. Détail source à réviser : there. Other colonies followed. The penal-colony system ended in 1868. • The Aboriginal population was decimated by brutal treatment and by European diseases. Estimated at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there (Source: "there. Other colonies followed. The penal-colony system ended in 1868. • The Aboriginal population was decimated by brutal treatment and by European diseases. Estimated at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there were less than 95,000. Today there are 650,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2.8% of the population. • Policies of")
5. Détail source à réviser : at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there were less than 95,000. Today there are 650,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2.8% of the population. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children bec (Source: "at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there were less than 95,000. Today there are 650,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2.8% of the population. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children")
6. Détail source à réviser : • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children or servants. Many never saw their famil (Source: "• Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children or servants. Many never saw their families again. Indigenous languages were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry")
7. Détail source à réviser : as foster children or servants. Many never saw their families again. Indigenous languages were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2 (Source: "as foster children or servants. Many never saw their families again. Indigenous languages were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long")
8. Détail source à réviser : Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.2 (Source: "Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years after World War II, Australia stepped up its white")
9. Détail source à réviser : the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years after World War II, Australia stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphr (Source: "the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years after World War II, Australia stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphrase ‘Populate or perish!’ It encouraged immigration from Europe. • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance")
10. Détail source à réviser : stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphrase ‘Populate or perish!’ It encouraged immigration from Europe. • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of (Source: "stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphrase ‘Populate or perish!’ It encouraged immigration from Europe. • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The Vietnamese “boat people” arrived in the 1970s. They were")
11. Détail source à réviser : forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The Vietnamese “boat people” arrived in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Ca (Source: "forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The Vietnamese “boat people” arrived in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Cambodia and southern China. • In 1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no time limit for anyone entering the")
12. Détail source à réviser : in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Cambodia and southern China. • In 1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no time limit for anyone entering the country without a valid visa. From (Source: "in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Cambodia and southern China. • In 1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no time limit for anyone entering the country without a valid visa. From 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while")
13. Détail source à réviser : entering the country without a valid visa. From 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined (Source: "entering the country without a valid visa. From 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined. Today the question of how to deal with undocumented asylum seekers remains one of the most polarising debates in contemporary")
14. Détail source à réviser : Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined. Today the question of how to deal with undocumented asylum seekers remains one of the most polarising debates in contemporary Australia. • Immigrants account f (Source: "Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined. Today the question of how to deal with undocumented asylum seekers remains one of the most polarising debates in contemporary Australia. • Immigrants account for 30% of the population, the highest proportion in any country with a population over 10 million. A majority of Australians agree that")
15. Détail source à réviser : in contemporary Australia. • Immigrants account for 30% of the population, the highest proportion in any country with a population over 10 million. A majority of Australians agree that multiculturalism and immigration ha (Source: "in contemporary Australia. • Immigrants account for 30% of the population, the highest proportion in any country with a population over 10 million. A majority of Australians agree that multiculturalism and immigration have a positive impact on the country. Legal migration is still encouraged, though working visas are most commonly granted to highly")
16. Détail source à réviser : Australians agree that multiculturalism and immigration have a positive impact on the country. Legal migration is still encouraged, though working visas are most commonly granted to highly skilled workers or students. Gr (Source: "Australians agree that multiculturalism and immigration have a positive impact on the country. Legal migration is still encouraged, though working visas are most commonly granted to highly skilled workers or students. Greek Australians parade for Australia Day in Melbourne in 2014. Australia is home to one of the largest Greek communities in the world. New")
17. Détail source à réviser : granted to highly skilled workers or students. Greek Australians parade for Australia Day in Melbourne in 2014. Australia is home to one of the largest Greek communities in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arri (Source: "granted to highly skilled workers or students. Greek Australians parade for Australia Day in Melbourne in 2014. Australia is home to one of the largest Greek communities in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arrived from Polynesia in canoes about 1,000 years ago. • In 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British. • In 1840, the")
18. Détail source à réviser : in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arrived from Polynesia in canoes about 1,000 years ago. • In 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British. • In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori (Source: "in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arrived from Polynesia in canoes about 1,000 years ago. • In 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British. • In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori chiefs. The Waitangi Treaty is the basis of New Zealand government. But many years of internal wars followed as the Māori resisted")
19. Détail source à réviser : • In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori chiefs. The Waitangi Treaty is the basis of New Zealand government. But many years of internal wars followed as the Māori resisted colonial rule. • The Māori populati (Source: "• In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori chiefs. The Waitangi Treaty is the basis of New Zealand government. But many years of internal wars followed as the Māori resisted colonial rule. • The Māori population is estimated to have been about 100,000 at Cook’s arrival. It reached a low of about 42,000 in 1896. In 2018, Māori comprised")
20. Détail source à réviser : as the Māori resisted colonial rule. • The Māori population is estimated to have been about 100,000 at Cook’s arrival. It reached a low of about 42,000 in 1896. In 2018, Māori comprised approximately 16.5% of the populat (Source: "as the Māori resisted colonial rule. • The Māori population is estimated to have been about 100,000 at Cook’s arrival. It reached a low of about 42,000 in 1896. In 2018, Māori comprised approximately 16.5% of the population (775,836 people). → Snapfile 16 p.148 pp. → File 28 p.257 Social & Economic change Treaty of Waitangi (NZ) The New Zealand Wars The")
21. Détail source à réviser : 2018, Māori comprised approximately 16.5% of the population (775,836 people). → Snapfile 16 p.148 pp. → File 28 p.257 Social & Economic change Treaty of Waitangi (NZ) The New Zealand Wars The first Māori MPs are elected (Source: "2018, Māori comprised approximately 16.5% of the population (775,836 people). → Snapfile 16 p.148 pp. → File 28 p.257 Social & Economic change Treaty of Waitangi (NZ) The New Zealand Wars The first Māori MPs are elected to Parliament. (NZ) End of penal colony system. (AU) Execution of outlaw and folk hero Ned Kelly. (AU) The six colonies unite as the")
22. Détail source à réviser : The New Zealand Wars The first Māori MPs are elected to Parliament. (NZ) End of penal colony system. (AU) Execution of outlaw and folk hero Ned Kelly. (AU) The six colonies unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Imm (Source: "The New Zealand Wars The first Māori MPs are elected to Parliament. (NZ) End of penal colony system. (AU) Execution of outlaw and folk hero Ned Kelly. (AU) The six colonies unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white immigration. (AU) The national flag is adopted in NZ. First World War The Gallipoli")
23. Détail source à réviser : unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white immigration. (AU) The national flag is adopted in NZ. First World War The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Sto (Source: "unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white immigration. (AU) The national flag is adopted in NZ. First World War The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Stock Exchange Crash followed by Depression. NZ becomes formally independent. Referendum on changes to the Constitution (AU).")
24. Détail source à réviser : War The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Stock Exchange Crash followed by Depression. NZ becomes formally independent. Referendum on changes to the Constitution (AU). Aboriginal people no longer excluded from (Source: "War The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Stock Exchange Crash followed by Depression. NZ becomes formally independent. Referendum on changes to the Constitution (AU). Aboriginal people no longer excluded from census. (AU) Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior is blown up by the French secret service in NZ. Referendum on making Australia a republic")
25. Détail source à réviser : (AU). Aboriginal people no longer excluded from census. (AU) Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior is blown up by the French secret service in NZ. Referendum on making Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advan (Source: "(AU). Aboriginal people no longer excluded from census. (AU) Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior is blown up by the French secret service in NZ. Referendum on making Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem The Native Title Act establishes Aboriginal land rights. (AU) A severe earthquake")
26. Détail source à réviser : Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem The Native Title Act establishes Aboriginal land rights. (AU) A severe earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda A (Source: "Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem The Native Title Act establishes Aboriginal land rights. (AU) A severe earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Prime Minister. (NZ) Scott Morrison becomes Prime Minister. (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region")
27. Détail source à réviser : A severe earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Prime Minister. (NZ) Scott Morrison becomes Prime Minister. (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marria (Source: "A severe earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Prime Minister. (NZ) Scott Morrison becomes Prime Minister. (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage. 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1861 1868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967")
28. Détail source à réviser : in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage. 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1861 1868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 19 (Source: "in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage. 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1861 1868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants. Population triples in 10 years. (AU) The first of a series of Gold")
29. Détail source à réviser : 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants. Population triples in 10 years. (AU) The first of a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first (Source: "1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants. Population triples in 10 years. (AU) The first of a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first country in the world where women can vote. “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson’s bush ballad, becomes unofficial anthem. (AU) Canberra is")
30. Détail source à réviser : first of a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first country in the world where women can vote. “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson’s bush ballad, becomes unofficial anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the c (Source: "first of a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first country in the world where women can vote. “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson’s bush ballad, becomes unofficial anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the capital. (AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within the British Empire. The Garden Party and Other Stories, Katherine Mansfield (NZ)")
31. Détail source à réviser : anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the capital. (AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within the British Empire. The Garden Party and Other Stories, Katherine Mansfield (NZ) Australia encourages immigration (Source: "anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the capital. (AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within the British Empire. The Garden Party and Other Stories, Katherine Mansfield (NZ) Australia encourages immigration from Europe. Two million people immigrate in the next 30 years. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.N. forces in the Korean war.")
32. Détail source à réviser : Mansfield (NZ) Australia encourages immigration from Europe. Two million people immigrate in the next 30 years. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.N. forces in the Korean war. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U (Source: "Mansfield (NZ) Australia encourages immigration from Europe. Two million people immigrate in the next 30 years. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.N. forces in the Korean war. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.S. war effort in Vietnam. We Are Going, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aboriginal poetry, AU) Everest conquered by Sir Edmund Hillary (NZ) and")
33. Détail source à réviser : in the Korean war. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.S. war effort in Vietnam. We Are Going, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aboriginal poetry, AU) Everest conquered by Sir Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the (Source: "in the Korean war. Australia and NZ commit troops to the U.S. war effort in Vietnam. We Are Going, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aboriginal poetry, AU) Everest conquered by Sir Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the Is-Land, Janet Frame (autobiography, NZ) Jane Campion (NZ) first and only female director to receive a Palme d’Or, for The Piano. First")
34. Détail source à réviser : Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the Is-Land, Janet Frame (autobiography, NZ) Jane Campion (NZ) first and only female director to receive a Palme d’Or, for The Piano. First woman Prime Minister: Jenny Shi (Source: "Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the Is-Land, Janet Frame (autobiography, NZ) Jane Campion (NZ) first and only female director to receive a Palme d’Or, for The Piano. First woman Prime Minister: Jenny Shipley. (NZ) First woman Prime Minister: Julia Gillard. (AU) Filming of The Lord of the Rings starts in NZ. International Relations")
35. Détail source à réviser : for The Piano. First woman Prime Minister: Jenny Shipley. (NZ) First woman Prime Minister: Julia Gillard. (AU) Filming of The Lord of the Rings starts in NZ. International Relations Australasia • Australia, NZ and some n (Source: "for The Piano. First woman Prime Minister: Jenny Shipley. (NZ) First woman Prime Minister: Julia Gillard. (AU) Filming of The Lord of the Rings starts in NZ. International Relations Australasia • Australia, NZ and some neighbouring islands form the region Australasia. Its geographic isolation has influenced its biodiversity. Kangaroos, koalas, Tasmanian")
36. Détail source à réviser : Relations Australasia • Australia, NZ and some neighbouring islands form the region Australasia. Its geographic isolation has influenced its biodiversity. Kangaroos, koalas, Tasmanian devils and dingoes, or kiwis in New (Source: "Relations Australasia • Australia, NZ and some neighbouring islands form the region Australasia. Its geographic isolation has influenced its biodiversity. Kangaroos, koalas, Tasmanian devils and dingoes, or kiwis in New Zealand, exist nowhere else in the world. • New Zealand’s mountainous and narrow islands stretch 1,600 km. Its outstanding scenery")
37. Détail source à réviser : koalas, Tasmanian devils and dingoes, or kiwis in New Zealand, exist nowhere else in the world. • New Zealand’s mountainous and narrow islands stretch 1,600 km. Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptati (Source: "koalas, Tasmanian devils and dingoes, or kiwis in New Zealand, exist nowhere else in the world. • New Zealand’s mountainous and narrow islands stretch 1,600 km. Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptations of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings starred New Zealand landscapes. it an excellent movie location. Australia’s size gives it a")
38. Détail source à réviser : Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptations of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings starred New Zealand landscapes. it an excellent movie location. Australia’s size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, fr (Source: "Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptations of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings starred New Zealand landscapes. it an excellent movie location. Australia’s size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, from deserts to tropical rainforests and alpine mountain ranges. • Australia’s natural reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas,")
39. Détail source à réviser : size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, from deserts to tropical rainforests and alpine mountain ranges. • Australia’s natural reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, and uranium makes it a significant exp (Source: "size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, from deserts to tropical rainforests and alpine mountain ranges. • Australia’s natural reserves of coal, iron, copper, gold, natural gas, and uranium makes it a significant exporter. Both countries have among the largest marine exclusive economic zones, thanks to their long coastlines and numerous")
40. Détail source à réviser : gold, natural gas, and uranium makes it a significant exporter. Both countries have among the largest marine exclusive economic zones, thanks to their long coastlines and numerous islands. • But Australia is the driest i (Source: "gold, natural gas, and uranium makes it a significant exporter. Both countries have among the largest marine exclusive economic zones, thanks to their long coastlines and numerous islands. • But Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change. The 2019-2020 bushfire season was")
41. Détail source à réviser : and numerous islands. • But Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change. The 2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense. An estimate (Source: "and numerous islands. • But Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change. The 2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense. An estimated 1 billion animals were killed. New Zealand’s geology makes it prone to volcanism and earthquakes. → File 20 p.184 The ANZACs and")
42. Détail source à réviser : bushfire season was particularly intense. An estimated 1 billion animals were killed. New Zealand’s geology makes it prone to volcanism and earthquakes. → File 20 p.184 The ANZACs and Gallipoli • At the outbreak of WWI, (Source: "bushfire season was particularly intense. An estimated 1 billion animals were killed. New Zealand’s geology makes it prone to volcanism and earthquakes. → File 20 p.184 The ANZACs and Gallipoli • At the outbreak of WWI, many citizens of the British Empire volunteered to fight. A joint Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was formed. They were first")
43. Détail source à réviser : p.184 The ANZACs and Gallipoli • At the outbreak of WWI, many citizens of the British Empire volunteered to fight. A joint Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli ( (Source: "p.184 The ANZACs and Gallipoli • At the outbreak of WWI, many citizens of the British Empire volunteered to fight. A joint Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) in 1915. • The Gallipoli Campaign was ordered by British Navy Minister Winston Churchill. It was disastrous from the")
44. Détail source à réviser : formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) in 1915. • The Gallipoli Campaign was ordered by British Navy Minister Winston Churchill. It was disastrous from the outset. The Turkish forces were (Source: "formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) in 1915. • The Gallipoli Campaign was ordered by British Navy Minister Winston Churchill. It was disastrous from the outset. The Turkish forces were well prepared and the Allied forces landing in small boats were decimated. They held out for eight months before being quietly evacuated.")
45. Détail source à réviser : disastrous from the outset. The Turkish forces were well prepared and the Allied forces landing in small boats were decimated. They held out for eight months before being quietly evacuated. More than 10,000 ANZAC troops (Source: "disastrous from the outset. The Turkish forces were well prepared and the Allied forces landing in small boats were decimated. They held out for eight months before being quietly evacuated. More than 10,000 ANZAC troops died. • The Gallipoli Campaign has become enshrined in both countries as a founding moment, an example of courage and resilience, and a")
46. Détail source à réviser : being quietly evacuated. More than 10,000 ANZAC troops died. • The Gallipoli Campaign has become enshrined in both countries as a founding moment, an example of courage and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solida (Source: "being quietly evacuated. More than 10,000 ANZAC troops died. • The Gallipoli Campaign has become enshrined in both countries as a founding moment, an example of courage and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solidarity called “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11")
47. Détail source à réviser : and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solidarity called “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 November in other countries. A New (Source: "and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solidarity called “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 November in other countries. A New Zealand artist, Alan Somerville, sculpted the Australian soldier featured at the west end of the ANZAC bridge in Sydney. Now test your")
48. Détail source à réviser : “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 November in other countries. A New Zealand artist, Alan Somerville, sculpted the Australian soldi (Source: "“mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 November in other countries. A New Zealand artist, Alan Somerville, sculpted the Australian soldier featured at the west end of the ANZAC bridge in Sydney. Now test your culture! EXO Quiz 286 287 Media, Culture & Arts National")
49. Détail source à réviser : 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia (Source: "1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia")
50. Détail source à réviser : 1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners there (Source: "1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners there")
51. Détail source à réviser : 1910 till the 1970s (Source: "1910 till the 1970s")
52. Détail source à réviser : 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history (Source: "2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history")
53. Détail source à réviser : 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins (Source: "1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins")
54. Détail source à réviser : 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined (Source: "2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined")
55. Détail source à réviser : ed and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined. (Source: "ed and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined.")
56. Détail source à réviser : ntry. Legal migration is still encouraged, though working visas are most commonly granted to highly skilled workers or students. Greek Australians parade for Australia Day in Melbourne in 2014. Australia is home to one (Source: "ntry. Legal migration is still encouraged, though working visas are most commonly granted to highly skilled workers or students. Greek Australians parade for Australia Day in Melbourne in 2014. Australia is home to one")
57. Détail source à réviser : 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British (Source: "1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British")
58. Détail source à réviser : 2018, Māori comprised approximately 16 (Source: "2018, Māori comprised approximately 16")
59. Détail source à réviser : ony system. (AU) Execution of outlaw and folk hero Ned Kelly. (AU) The six colonies unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white immigration. (AU) The national flag (Source: "ony system. (AU) Execution of outlaw and folk hero Ned Kelly. (AU) The six colonies unite as the Commonwealth of Australia. The Immigration Restriction Act puts a brake on non-white immigration. (AU) The national flag")
60. Détail source à réviser : r The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Stock Exchange Crash followed by Depression. (Source: "r The Gallipoli Campaign Second World War New York Stock Exchange Crash followed by Depression.")
61. Détail source à réviser : t service in NZ. Referendum on making Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem The Native Title Act establishes Aboriginal land rights. (AU) A severe earthquake (Source: "t service in NZ. Referendum on making Australia a republic defeated. A plebiscite chooses “Advance Australia Fair” as the national anthem The Native Title Act establishes Aboriginal land rights. (AU) A severe earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Pr")
62. Détail source à réviser : 1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1861 1868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attrac (Source: "1840 1845 1850 1855 1860 1861 1868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants")
63. Détail source à réviser : a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first country in the world where women can vote. “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson’s bush ballad, becomes unofficial anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the capital. ( (Source: "a series of Gold Rushes. (NZ) NZ is the first country in the world where women can vote. “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson’s bush ballad, becomes unofficial anthem. (AU) Canberra is founded and designated the capital. (AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within th")
64. Détail source à réviser : We Are Going, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aboriginal poetry, AU) Everest conquered by Sir Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the Is-Land, Janet Frame (autobiography, NZ) Jane Campion (NZ) first and only female dire (Source: "We Are Going, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (Aboriginal poetry, AU) Everest conquered by Sir Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay To the Is-Land, Janet Frame (autobiography, NZ) Jane Campion (NZ) first and only female director to receive a Palme d’Or, for The Piano")
65. Détail source à réviser : (NZ) First woman Prime Minister: Julia Gillard. (Source: "(NZ) First woman Prime Minister: Julia Gillard.")
66. Détail source à réviser : in the world. • New Zealand’s mountainous and narrow islands stretch 1,600 km. Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptations of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings starred New Zealand landscapes. it an (Source: "in the world. • New Zealand’s mountainous and narrow islands stretch 1,600 km. Its outstanding scenery makes Peter Jackson’s film adaptations of Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings starred New Zealand landscapes. it an")
67. Détail source à réviser : a’s size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, from deserts to tropical rainforests and alpine mountain ranges. (Source: "a’s size gives it a wide variety of landscapes, from deserts to tropical rainforests and alpine mountain ranges.")
68. Détail source à réviser : • But Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change. (Source: "• But Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, making it particularly vulnerable to the challenges of climate change.")
69. Détail source à réviser : 2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense (Source: "2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense")
70. Détail source à réviser : mpire volunteered to fight. A joint Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) in 1915. • The Gallipoli Campaign was ordered by British Navy (Source: "mpire volunteered to fight. A joint Australian and New Zealand Army Corps was formed. They were first sent into action at Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) in 1915. • The Gallipoli Campaign was ordered by British Navy")
71. Détail source à réviser : ent, an example of courage and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solidarity called “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 Novembe (Source: "ent, an example of courage and resilience, and a type of fraternity and solidarity called “mateship”, considered a major feature of the Australian character. April 25, ANZAC Day, is a public holiday similar to 11 November in other countries. A New Zealand arti")
72. Détail source à réviser : EXO Quiz 286 287 Media, Culture & Arts National politics (Source: "EXO Quiz 286 287 Media, Culture & Arts National politics")
73. Détail source à réviser : 868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants. (Source: "868 1872 1880 1893 1901 1903 1907 1911 1914 1915 1918 1922 1929 1939 1945 1948 1949 1953 1964 1965 1967 1977 1982 1985 1993 1997 1999 2000 2011 2013 2017 2018 A series of gold rushes attracts immigrants.")
74. Détail source à réviser : The 2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense (Source: "The 2019-2020 bushfire season was particularly intense")
75. Détail source à réviser : n-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The Vietnamese “boat people” arrived in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Cambodia and southern China. • In 1992, Australia ado (Source: "n-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The Vietnamese “boat people” arrived in the 1970s. They were followed by a second wave from Cambodia and southern China. • In 1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no t")
76. Détail source à réviser : 1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no time limit for anyone entering the country without a valid visa (Source: "1992, Australia adopted a mandatory detention policy with no time limit for anyone entering the country without a valid visa")
77. Détail source à réviser : • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins (Source: "• In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins")
78. Détail source à réviser : re one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In 1788, the British go (Source: "re one of the oldest surviving human civilisations. • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia. He declared it was British and named it New South Wales. In 1788, the British government started a colony for prisoners th")
79. Détail source à réviser : 1901, there were less than 95,000 (Source: "1901, there were less than 95,000")
80. Détail source à réviser : were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in (Source: "were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long")
81. Détail source à réviser : commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, So (Source: "commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and free” in an attempt to reflect the country’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years a")
82. Détail source à réviser : 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori chiefs (Source: "1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 Māori chiefs")
83. Détail source à réviser : From 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined (Source: "From 2001 to 2007 vessels were intercepted and migrants sent to detention centres in Pacific islands such as Nauru or Papua New Guinea, while their refugee status was determined")
84. Détail source à réviser : • In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia (Source: "• In 1770 British explorer James Cook “discovered” part of the east coast of Australia")
85. Détail source à réviser : Estimated at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there were less than 95,000 (Source: "Estimated at about 750,000 at Cook’s arrival, by 1901, there were less than 95,000")
86. Détail source à réviser : 0,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2.8% of the population. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed wi (Source: "0,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2.8% of the population. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children or serv")
87. Détail source à réviser : (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage (Source: "(AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage")
88. Détail source à réviser : ntry’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years after World War II, Australia stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphrase ‘Po (Source: "ntry’s long indigenous history. → File 28 p.257 Aboriginal protests on 26 May, Sorry Day. “Populate or Perish” • In the years after World War II, Australia stepped up its white immigration policy with the catchphrase ‘Populate or perish!’ It encouraged immigration from")
89. Détail source à réviser : (AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within the British Empire (Source: "(AU) NZ becomes a self-ruling Dominion within the British Empire")
90. Détail source à réviser : An estimated 1 billion animals were killed (Source: "An estimated 1 billion animals were killed")
91. Détail source à réviser : couraged immigration from Europe. • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The (Source: "couraged immigration from Europe. • In the 1970s it repealed its 1901 policy which forbade the entrance into Australia of people of non-European ethnic origins. • Asia became the largest source of immigrants. The")
92. Détail source à réviser : Today there are 650,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2 (Source: "Today there are 650,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 2")
93. Détail source à réviser : guages were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and (Source: "guages were banned. Today the children who were taken away are called the Stolen Generations. • “Sorry Day” has been commemorated since 2008. Since 2021, the national anthem no longer refers to Australia as “young and")
94. Détail source à réviser : s in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arrived from Polynesia in canoes about 1,000 years ago. • In 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British. • In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500 (Source: "s in the world. New Zealand History • The Māori arrived from Polynesia in canoes about 1,000 years ago. • In 1769, Captain James Cook declared New Zealand was British. • In 1840, the British signed a treaty with 500")
95. Détail source à réviser : ere earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Prime Minister. (NZ) Scott Morrison becomes Prime Minister. (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage. (Source: "ere earthquake devastates Christchurch, NZ. Jacinda Ardern becomes Prime Minister. (NZ) Scott Morrison becomes Prime Minister. (AU) NZ becomes the first country in the Asia-Pacific region to legalise same-sex marriage.")
96. Détail source à réviser : ion. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children or servants. Many never saw (Source: "ion. • Policies of “assimilating” indigenous children became systematic from 1910 till the 1970s. Children were sent to boarding schools or placed with white families as foster children or servants. Many never saw")

📅 Repères chronologiques

📊 Tableaux de Synthèse

Comparaison des politiques d'immigration australiennes

Implication militaire de l'Australasie dans les conflits mondiaux

⚠️ Pièges & Confusions Fréquentes

1. Confusion entre les dates de politiques et d'événements sociaux ou politiques
2. Mélanger les impacts des guerres mondiales avec d'autres conflits régionaux
3. Confusion entre les différentes lois d'immigration et leur période
4. Oublier de distinguer les politiques d'assimilation systématiques des autres politiques sociales
5. Confusion entre les événements liés à l'environnement et ceux liés à la biodiversité
6. Mélanger les dates de modifications législatives avec celles des événements sociaux
7. Confusion entre les différentes commémorations et leur signification

✅ Checklist Examen

1. Revoir la chronologie des politiques d'assimilation des aborigènes
2. Mémoriser les dates clés des conflits mondiaux et leur implication australienne et néo-zélandaise
3. Étudier l'évolution des lois d'immigration australiennes
4. Comprendre l'impact des guerres mondiales sur la société australienne et néo-zélandaise
5. Connaître les principales espèces endémiques de l'Australasie
6. Se familiariser avec les événements environnementaux majeurs récents
7. Revoir les dates importantes liées à la reconnaissance des droits indigènes
8. Étudier la géographie et les ressources naturelles de la région