Map Midterm 2026 Review Part III - Exam-Oriented Revision Sheet

1. 📌 Essentials

• The map focuses on Africa, Asia, and Europe during 1914 and 1919, highlighting colonial and geopolitical changes.
• The Berlin Conference (1884–85) formal European colonization Africa, disregarding African sovereignty.
• Key causes of WWI: militarism, alliances, imperialism, nationalism.
• The Treaty of Versailles (1919) imposed harsh penalties on Germany, sowing seeds for WWII.
• Major WWI battles: Somme, Verdun, Gallipoli; introduced tanks, airplanes, poison gas.
• The Russian Revolution (1917) led to Bolshevik rule and the rise of Stalin.
• Japan's modernization via the Meiji Restoration enabled imperial expansion in Asia.
• The scramble for Africa caused artificial borders, ethnic conflicts, and resource exploitation.
• The League of Nations was weak, lacking US support and enforcement power.
• Fascist regimes emerged in Germany (Nazism), Italy (Mussolini), and the USSR (Stalin).

2. 🧩 Key Structures & Components