Flashcards : Understanding Evolution and Creationism — 24 cartes

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1Question

19th-century tech optimism

Réponse

Fostered confidence in scientific progress.

2Question

Historical critical method

Réponse

Treats the Bible as an ordinary historical document.

3Question

Deism transformism

Réponse

Made evolutionary ideas acceptable before Darwin.

4Question

Fixity of species

Réponse

Species do not change; supported by biblical reading.

5Question

Atheist scientists

Réponse

Supported non-religious explanations in science.

6Question

Hutton's geologic view

Réponse

Earth is extremely old, formed by slow processes.

7Question

Uniformitarianism

Réponse

Present processes explain Earth's past.

8Question

Erasmus Darwin

Réponse

Proposed laws explaining progressive variation.

9Question

Malthus

Réponse

Described competition due to population growth.

10Question

Lamarck

Réponse

Explained species change via use/disuse and environment.

11Question

Linnaean concept

Réponse

Species as fixed, unchanging groups.

12Question

Cuvierian catastrophism

Réponse

Major catastrophes explain fossil gaps.

13Question

Transformism

Réponse

Species can change over time.

14Question

Malthusian struggle

Réponse

Survival depends on competition.

15Question

Darwin’s natural selection

Réponse

Mechanism where environmental pressures favor certain traits.

16Question

Origin of Species

Réponse

Book proposing common descent and natural selection.

17Question

Darwin's deism

Réponse

Believed in a creator who does not intervene.

18Question

Evolution

Réponse

Change of organisms over generations.

19Question

Speciation

Réponse

Formation of new species.

20Question

Arguments for evolution

Réponse

Fossil, anatomical, embryological, biochemical evidence.

21Question

Problems in evolution

Réponse

Origin of complex organs, human traits, missing intermediates.

22Question

Creationism

Réponse

Divine creation in six days; flood explanation.

23Question

Fossil gaps

Réponse

Alleged missing intermediate forms in record.

24Question

Creationist critique

Réponse

Fossil gaps and lack of transitional forms.

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1. How does high criticism differ from earlier approaches to the Bible in its method?

2. What year is given for Erasmus Darwin’s “laws of organic life”?

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