Brain Anatomy and Protection

📋 Course Outline

1. Brain regions overview
2. Gray and white matter
3. Brain protection structures
4. Cranial meninges layers
5. Meningitis and encephalitis
6. Brain ventricles and CSF
7. Cerebrum functions and structure

📖 1. Brain regions overview

🔑 Key Concepts & Definitions

• Cerebrum: The largest brain region, consisting of two hemispheres and five lobes per hemisphere, responsible for higher brain functions.
• Diencephalon: A major brain region situated beneath the cerebrum, involved in sensory and motor signal relay and regulation of consciousness and sleep.
• Brainstem: The structure connecting the brain to the spinal cord, responsible for basic life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure.
• Cerebellum: Located at the back of the brain, it coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and posture.
• Gyri: The ridges or raised folds on the surface of the brain, increasing surface area.
• Sulci: The shallow depressions or grooves between gyri on the brain surface; deeper sulci are called fissures.