Candida albicans — forms?
Yeast, pseudohyphae, chlamydospore.
Other Candida species — involved?
C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. stellatoidea, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata.
Candida growth temperature?
25–37°C.
Identification methods?
Pseudohyphae formation and biochemical tests.
Pseudohyphae — significance?
Diagnostic feature indicating pathogenic Candida.
Candida reproduction?
Asexually by budding.
Yeast to hyphae — process?
Transformation linked to pathogenicity.
Forms of Candida?
Yeast, pseudohyphae, chlamydospore.
Pathogenesis factor — tissue invasion?
Required for disease manifestation.
Host defenses — key components?
Salivary IgA, T cells, neutrophils.
Predisposing condition — antibiotics?
Disrupt normal flora, promote overgrowth.
Predisposing condition — immunosuppression?
Reduces host defenses, increases susceptibility.
Main clinical form — pseudomembranous?
White plaques that can be wiped off.
Main clinical form — erythematous?
Red, painful mucosal patches.
Main clinical form — hyperplastic?
Persistent white plaques, possibly premalignant.
Pseudomembranous candidiasis — also called?
Thrush.
Erythematous candidiasis — common site?
Dorsal tongue, palate.
Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis — features?
White, keratotic plaques resistant to treatment.
Candida invasion — requires?
Transformation to hyphal form.
Key immune factor preventing adherence?
Salivary IgA.
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1. What is Candida species primarily classified as?
2. What are the morphological forms of Candida that are used for identification and relate to its pathogenicity?
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