QCM : Infectious Disease Fundamentals — 9 questions

Explication

Infectious disease types are classified according to the pathogen responsible for causing the disease, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Each type has unique characteristics and modes of causing disease, making this classification essential for diagnosis and treatment.

Explication

A pathogen is any microorganism that can cause disease, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. It is not an immune cell, a vaccine, or an antibiotic.

Explication

Tuberculosis is primarily transmitted through airborne particles expelled when an infected person coughs or sneezes, making airborne transmission via respiratory droplets its main route.

Explication

Viruses are non-cellular agents that need to infect a host cell to replicate, unlike bacteria, fungi, or parasites which are cellular organisms.

Explication

The primary role of immune response components is to recognize and eliminate foreign invaders through targeted mechanisms, which includes both innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity offers immediate, non-specific defense, while adaptive immunity provides specific, long-lasting protection. The correct answer emphasizes the overall purpose of immune response components in identifying and destroying pathogens to protect the host.

Explication

Approximately 75% of emerging infectious diseases have a zoonotic origin, meaning they are transmitted from animals to humans.

Explication

Candidiasis is caused by the fungi genus Candida, a type of eukaryotic organism.

Explication

Airborne transmission involves pathogens transmitted through aerosols or droplets that can remain suspended in the air, as seen with diseases like tuberculosis and measles.

Explication

While the revision sheet classifies pathogens into these groups, the foundational classification was established by microbiologists like Louis Pasteur, though the specific author of this classification in the sheet is not named.