Ecosystem — definition?
Community of species interacting with environment
Ecosystem components — types?
Biotic and abiotic components
Biotic components — examples?
Plants, animals, microorganisms
Producers vs consumers — difference?
Producers synthesize food; consumers depend on others
Energy flow — mechanism?
Unidirectional transfer from producers to consumers
Nutrient cycles — purpose?
Recycle nutrients within ecosystems
Ecological succession — process?
Gradual replacement of communities over time
Food chain — structure?
Linear energy transfer sequence
Food web — difference from chain?
Interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem
Energy flow models — purpose?
Represent energy transfer and loss in ecosystems
Ecological pyramids — types?
Energy, biomass, number pyramids
Productivity types — examples?
Gross and net primary productivity
Aquatic ecosystems — main types?
Freshwater and marine ecosystems
Natural vs artificial ecosystems — difference?
Natural operate without human intervention; artificial are managed by humans
Biotic vs abiotic — roles?
Biotic are living; abiotic are non-living environmental factors
Producers — role?
Convert sunlight into organic matter via photosynthesis
Consumers — role?
Depend on producers or other consumers for energy
Decomposers — function?
Recycle organic matter into inorganic nutrients
Trophic levels — organization?
Based on feeding position in food chain
Energy transfer — efficiency?
Only about 10-20% transferred; rest lost as heat
Ecological succession stages?
Pioneer, seral stages, climax community
Salinity in ecosystems — importance?
Determines organism types in freshwater vs marine
Summary — ecosystem understanding?
Fundamental for studying ecological relationships and environment
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 12 questions sur Ecosystem Dynamics and Structure.
1. According to the sequence in the course content, which understanding about ecosystems was introduced first?
2. How would an environmental manager best utilize the knowledge of ecosystem components to restore a degraded habitat?
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