Cognitive Model — definition?
A theoretical framework describing mental processes and interactions.
Executive Function — role?
Regulates goal-directed behavior, planning, and decision-making.
Working Memory — capacity?
Limited to about 7±2 items.
Central Executive — function?
Directs attention and manages subsystems of working memory.
Cognitive Architecture — purpose?
Simulates human cognition's structure and processes.
Production System — mechanism?
Behavior governed by condition-action rules.
Gestalt Principles — examples?
Proximity, similarity, closure, continuity, figure-ground.
Top-Down Processing — driven by?
Prior knowledge and expectations.
Bottom-Up Processing — driven by?
Sensory input from environment.
Perceptual Load Theory — suggests?
High load reduces distractor processing.
Mirror Neurons — discovery?
Fire during action and observation, linking perception and action.
Cherry’s Dichotic Listening — finding?
Selective attention filters auditory input but some info breaks through.
Memory Systems — main types?
Working memory and long-term memory.
Episodic Buffer — role?
Integrates information into a coherent episode.
Long-Term Memory — subdivisions?
Explicit (episodic, semantic) and implicit (procedural).
Flashbulb Memories — characteristic?
Vivid, detailed, emotionally charged, but fallible.
Source Monitoring Errors — cause?
Mistakes in recalling the origin of a memory.
Von Restorff Effect — describes?
Enhanced memory for distinctive items.
Deductive Reasoning — nature?
Logical, from general premises to specific conclusions.
Inductive Reasoning — nature?
Probabilistic, from specific observations to generalizations.
Wason Card Task — demonstrates?
Confirmation bias in reasoning.
Language Properties — key?
Productivity, arbitrariness, displacement.
Displacement — ability?
Referring to objects/events not present in time or space.
Syntactic Priming — effect?
Increases likelihood of using same syntactic structure.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 12 questions sur Cognitive and Perception Principles.
1. What is a cognitive model?
2. Who introduced the Gestalt Principles that explain perceptual organization?
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