QCM : Understanding Deviance in Society — 10 questions

Question 1

1. What does 'deviance' mean in sociology?

Actions that are uncommon but socially accepted.

Any act that is considered morally wrong by individuals.

Behaviors that are illegal according to the law.

Behavior, beliefs, or conditions that violate societal norms and expectations.

Explication

Deviance in sociology refers to behavior, beliefs, or conditions that violate societal norms and expectations. It is a relative concept, varying across cultures and contexts, and is not solely about legality or morality but about breaches of social standards.

Answer

Behavior, beliefs, or conditions that violate societal norms and expectations.

Question 2

2. What is the sociological definition of deviance?

Behavior, beliefs, or conditions that violate societal norms and expectations, variable across cultures and time.

Legal violations that are punishable by law, regardless of cultural context.

Any behavior that is considered morally wrong by society.

Behaviors that are rare or unusual within a society.

Explication

Deviance involves behaviors or conditions that violate social norms, which are dependent on cultural and historical contexts. It's broader than legal violations and not necessarily tied to morality or rarity.

Answer

Behavior, beliefs, or conditions that violate societal norms and expectations, variable across cultures and time.

Question 3

3. Who is the sociologist associated with the development of functionalist theory, particularly known for his work on deviance, and in which year was his influential book published?

Émile Durkheim, 1895

Max Weber, 1922

Karl Marx, 1867

Herbert Spencer, 1851

Explication

Émile Durkheim is the sociologist most closely associated with functionalist theory and his work on deviance. His influential book 'The Rules of Sociological Method' was published in 1895. This work laid foundational ideas for understanding social cohesion and the functions of deviance within society. The other options refer to different sociologists and publication years that are not directly linked to this specific aspect of sociological theory.

Answer

Émile Durkheim, 1895

Question 4

4. Which sociological perspective views society as a system where parts work together to maintain stability, and sees deviance as serving a social function?

Conflict Theory

Symbolic Interactionism

Structural Functionalism

Feminist Theory

Explication

Structural functionalism views society as a complex system with interdependent parts, and considers deviance as playing a role in promoting social cohesion or change.

Answer

Structural Functionalism

Question 5

5. What is the primary function of deviance in society according to functionalism?

To challenge and change social norms and promote social progress

To serve as a punishment for individual moral failings

To reinforce social norms and promote social cohesion

To create conflict and social inequality

Explication

According to functionalism, deviance serves the important function of reinforcing social norms and promoting social cohesion. When society reacts to deviance, it reaffirms shared values and strengthens social bonds. While deviance can also stimulate social change, its primary function within functionalist theory is to reinforce social order and cohesion.

Answer

To reinforce social norms and promote social cohesion

Question 6

6. According to labeling theory, what effect does societal labeling of an individual as deviant have?

It can reinforce the deviant behavior and lead to secondary deviance.

It always results in the individual leaving deviant behaviors behind.

It has no impact on the individual's future behavior.

It causes society to reject the individual completely.

Explication

Labeling theory suggests that once someone is labeled as deviant, it can influence their identity and lead to further deviant acts, a process known as secondary deviance.

Answer

It can reinforce the deviant behavior and lead to secondary deviance.

Question 7

7. Who is associated with the development of the labeling theory in sociological studies of deviance?

Émile Durkheim

Howard Becker

Karl Marx

George Herbert Mead

Explication

Howard Becker was a key figure in developing labeling theory, highlighting how societal reactions and labels can influence deviant identity.

Answer

Howard Becker

Question 8

8. What distinguishes primary deviance from secondary deviance?

Primary deviance is the initial act of rule-breaking; secondary deviance results after societal reaction and labeling.

Primary deviance always leads to formal punishment; secondary deviance does not.

Primary deviance is committed by individuals; secondary deviance is committed by groups.

Primary deviance occurs only within criminal contexts; secondary deviance occurs in social contexts.

Explication

Primary deviance refers to the first act of rule-breaking that might not lead to social labeling, while secondary deviance occurs after societal labeling influences an individual's identity and behavior.

Answer

Primary deviance is the initial act of rule-breaking; secondary deviance results after societal reaction and labeling.

Question 9

9. Which of the following is an example of informal social control?

Laws enacted by the government

Peer pressure to conform

Surveillance cameras in public areas

Court punishments for crimes

Explication

Informal social control includes social norms, customs, and peer pressure that regulate behavior subtly, unlike formal control mechanisms like laws or legal punishments.

Answer

Peer pressure to conform

Question 10

10. According to the revision sheet, which social theory emphasizes power disparities and social inequalities as causes of deviance?

Conflict Theory

Structural Functionalism

Symbolic Interactionism

Rational Choice Theory

Explication

Conflict theory focuses on how power disparities and societal inequalities can lead to deviant behavior, often as a form of resistance or consequence of social conflict.

Answer

Conflict Theory

QCM : Understanding Deviance in Society — 10 questions

Questions et réponses du QCM

1. What does 'deviance' mean in sociology?

2. What is the sociological definition of deviance?

3. Who is the sociologist associated with the development of functionalist theory, particularly known for his work on deviance, and in which year was his influential book published?

4. Which sociological perspective views society as a system where parts work together to maintain stability, and sees deviance as serving a social function?

5. What is the primary function of deviance in society according to functionalism?

6. According to labeling theory, what effect does societal labeling of an individual as deviant have?

7. Who is associated with the development of the labeling theory in sociological studies of deviance?

8. What distinguishes primary deviance from secondary deviance?

9. Which of the following is an example of informal social control?

10. According to the revision sheet, which social theory emphasizes power disparities and social inequalities as causes of deviance?

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