Fiche de révision : High School et représentations adolescentes

📋 Plan du Cours

1. Corps adolescents et danger romantisé
2. Stéréotypes et groupes sociaux
3. Organisation des écoles américaines
4. Notes et admission universitaire
5. Parcours après le lycée
6. Temps anglais et emplois futurs

📖 1. Corps adolescents et danger romantisé

★ À maîtriser

• In teen films and television shows, high-school students are often played by actors aged 20 to 30, who are usually more physically mature than real teenagers.

• The article argues that idealized media body images can create pressure to attain an ideal body type and body dissatisfaction through comparison. - Mary Pritchard and Brooke Cramblitt, Media Influence on Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity

• The article criticizes the romanticization of inappropriate relationships between teachers and students, which often have few repercussions in films and television shows.

Compléments

• In Riverdale, a semi-romantic relationship between a main character and his music teacher is portrayed, and the teacher receives minimal punishment.

💡 Astuce mémo

Actors already matured → unrealistic body standards.

📖 2. Stéréotypes et groupes sociaux

★ À maîtriser

• The Guardian article describes Booksmart as challenging fixed teen-movie cliques and showing its characters as people rather than types. - Steve Rose, You can’t sit with us: does Booksmart spell the end of high school stereotypes?, 2019

Compléments

• The course lists these high-school character stereotypes: jock, nerd, pop girl, gassy clown, goth, rebel, teacher’s pet, artsy kid, cheerleader, geek, hipster, loner, rich kid, band goth, party animal, overachiever, mean girl, slacker, drama kid, athlete, and bully.

• Olivia Wilde says younger people demand freedom from binary thinking about sexuality, gender, and politics.

💡 Astuce mémo

Booksmart oppose les catégories figées aux adolescents difficiles à étiqueter.

📖 3. Organisation des écoles américaines

★ À maîtriser

• 🔄 The school sequence is :
  1. pre-kindergarten
  2. kindergarten
  3. elementary school (grades 1–5)
  4. middle school (grades 6–8)
  5. high school (grades 9–12)

Compléments

• According to the course recap, 87% of students attend public school, 10% attend private school, and 3% are homeschooled.

• The academic year generally begins in mid-August and ends in early June.

• In the United States, compulsory education lasts until ages 16 to 18, depending on the state.

💡 Astuce mémo

Pre-kindergarten → kindergarten → elementary → middle → high school.

📖 4. Notes et admission universitaire

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• GPA : A GPA is a quantitative figure representing a student’s accumulated course grades.

★ À maîtriser

• The grading scale assigns A = 4 points, B = 3, C = 2, D = 1, and F = 0 points.

• A GPA is calculated by adding the points earned for each course grade and dividing the total by the number of courses taken.

• University admission criteria can include :

  • high-school coursework
  • GPA
  • extracurricular activities
  • SAT or ACT scores
  • a written essay
  • a personal interview

Compléments

📌 A student who fails a required course must repeat it.

• The SAT tests critical reading, mathematics, and writing, while the ACT tests English, mathematics, reading, and science reasoning and includes an optional writing test.

📖 5. Parcours après le lycée

★ À maîtriser

📌 Students may attend a two-year community college before applying to a four-year university; community college admission is easier, tuition is lower, and classes are often smaller than at a university.

Compléments

• Community college students can earn an Associate’s degree and transfer up to two years of course credits to a university.

• According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 66.2% of 2012 high-school graduates were enrolled in college in October 2012.

💡 Astuce mémo

Community college : deux ans et transfert possible ; university : cursus de quatre ans.

📖 6. Temps anglais et emplois futurs

📝 Points essentiels

• The course gives played as an example of the simple past, had played of the past perfect, and was playing of the past progressive.

• The course gives have been playing as an example of the present perfect progressive and have played as an example of the present perfect simple, which it associates with emphasis on duration.

• The course gives play as an example of the simple present, which it associates with a planned action.

• The course gives am playing as an example of the present progressive used to visualize a future action.

• The course gives am going to play and will play as examples of be going to + base verb and will + base verb for future reference.