QCM : Liberalism and Costa Rican Development — 14 questions

Questions et réponses du QCM

1. What best describes liberalism as presented in Costa Rican political thought?

A set of ideas centered on individual freedom, public liberties, and private property
A system centered on church authority, collective obedience, and inherited privilege
An economic plan based on eliminating private ownership of property
A doctrine focused mainly on military rule and territorial expansion

A set of ideas centered on individual freedom, public liberties, and private property

Explication

Liberalism is defined as a set of political, economic, and social ideas based on individual freedom, public liberties, and private property. The other options describe concepts that contradict that definition.

2. What is the main purpose of the liberal state in relation to religion and public life?

To restrict private property in order to strengthen communal ownership
To protect civil rights and reduce church control over public life
To place religious authorities in charge of public institutions
To merge church and state into a single governing system

To protect civil rights and reduce church control over public life

Explication

The liberal state is described as a model that protects civil rights and limits church control over public life. It does not merge church and state or reduce private property rights.

3. Which event marks the beginning of the liberal era in Costa Rica in this material?

The Battle of Rivas in 1856
Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez coming to power in 1870
The restoration of religious teaching in 1889
The first banana export to New York in 1882

Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez coming to power in 1870

Explication

The material links the start of Costa Rican liberalism to Tomás Guardia taking power in 1870. The other events belong to different historical moments.

4. What did the Constitution of 1871 establish?

The end of executive authority in government decisions
Basic rules for state organization, division of powers, and individual rights
The exclusive control of education by the Catholic Church
A ban on all civil guarantees and public liberties

Basic rules for state organization, division of powers, and individual rights

Explication

The Constitution of 1871 is described as setting the basic rules for state organization, division of powers, and individual rights. It also later served as a basis for reforms that strengthened the executive, not weakened it.

5. Which change is attributed to the reforms of the 1871 Constitution?

The legislature took control of appointing all public officials
The executive gained greater power over governors, secretaries, and public finances
Municipal governments were abolished across the country
The judiciary was placed under direct church supervision

The executive gained greater power over governors, secretaries, and public finances

Explication

The material says the executive could name and remove governors and state secretaries and manage public finances. That is the clearest sign of the executive’s strengthened role.

6. Which set of rights is specifically associated with the liberal reforms?

Equality before the law, private property, and freedom of transit and assembly
Tax exemption for the clergy, monopoly of worship, and hereditary office
Local control of ports, guild privileges, and feudal obligations
Compulsory military service, censorship, and tribute to the church

Equality before the law, private property, and freedom of transit and assembly

Explication

The reforms are said to include individual guarantees such as equality before the law, private property, and freedom of transit and assembly. The other choices are unrelated to the rights listed in the material.

7. What was the main aim of the anticlerical reforms?

To reduce church influence in politics, education, and social life
To make religious teaching compulsory in public schools
To place cemeteries under exclusive church control
To increase the number of religious courts in public administration

To reduce church influence in politics, education, and social life

Explication

The course states that anticlerical reforms aimed to reduce church influence in politics, education, and social life. The other options reverse or distort that objective.

8. What happened to religious teaching in public schools in 1886 and 1889?

It was transferred to private schools in both years
It was prohibited in 1886 and restored in 1889
It was restored in 1886 and prohibited in 1889
It was made compulsory in 1886 and expanded in 1889

It was prohibited in 1886 and restored in 1889

Explication

The material says religious teaching was prohibited in public schools in 1886 and later restored in 1889 after liberals lost power. The other dates reverse the sequence.

9. How did the course describe primary education under the liberal reforms?

It was restricted to urban elites only
It was left entirely to local religious authorities
It became privately funded and church-directed
It became free, compulsory, and state-directed

It became free, compulsory, and state-directed

Explication

The material states that primary education was declared free, compulsory, and state-directed. That reflects the secular and public orientation of the reforms.

10. Which legal change is associated with the civil code of 1888?

It abolished all family law regulations
It recognized civil marriage and divorce
It placed marriage entirely under church authority
It replaced state law with religious canon law

It recognized civil marriage and divorce

Explication

The civil code of 1888 is described as recognizing civil marriage and divorce. This separated marriage from exclusive church control.

11. What was the main purpose of the 1871 railroad project in Costa Rica’s export economy?

To reduce the time and cost of exporting coffee to Europe
To connect inland towns with military garrisons
To expand sugar production along the Pacific coast
To replace coffee exports with domestic manufacturing

To reduce the time and cost of exporting coffee to Europe

Explication

The railroad was ordered to speed up coffee exports to Europe and lower transport costs. It was part of the export-oriented economic model, not a manufacturing or military project.

12. Which problem contributed to the railroad project being incomplete under its original financing?

The English loan was not enough to finish the line
Coffee production ended before construction began
The route was moved entirely to the Pacific coast
The government banned all foreign engineering support

The English loan was not enough to finish the line

Explication

The material states that the English loan of 3,400,000 pounds sterling was insufficient, so Minor Keith later took over completion of the project. The other options do not match the course description.

13. What was the effect of the agreement with Minor Keith on banana production in Costa Rica?

It replaced bananas with coffee as the main export crop
It ended foreign participation in agricultural exports
It shifted banana cultivation to small family farms in the highlands
It enabled a banana-growing enclave on the Caribbean coast through UFCO

It enabled a banana-growing enclave on the Caribbean coast through UFCO

Explication

The agreement is described as ceding land to the U.S. businessman and enabling a UFCO banana enclave on the Caribbean. This is why it is linked to the rise of the banana industry.

14. When did the first banana export to New York occur, according to the course material?

1871
1886
1882
1890

1882

Explication

The material explicitly states that the first banana export to New York occurred in 1882. The other dates are associated with different events in the liberal period.

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Mémorisez les réponses avec 14 flashcards sur Liberalism and Costa Rican Development.

Liberalism — definition?

Ideas based on individual freedom and property rights.

Liberal State — role?

Protects civil rights and limits church influence.

Tomás Guardia — influence?

Started liberal reforms after 1870.

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