1945
Explication
The source specifies that the 1945 general election resulted in a Labour victory and their first overall majority in the House of Commons, making 1945 the correct date for Labour's first victory after WW2.
Clement Attlee
Explication
The source states that after the 1945 general election, Clement Attlee became Prime Minister. The other options, such as Winston Churchill, are incorrect in this context; Churchill was the wartime leader but did not continue as Prime Minister after the 1945 election, according to the provided information.
The government taking control of major industries to promote economic recovery
Explication
In the context of post-war reconstruction policies, 'nationalisation' refers to the government taking control of major industries such as railways, coal, and steel, with the aim of rebuilding the economy and securing employment. The source explicitly states that nationalisation involved government control of key sectors to promote economic recovery.
To provide universal healthcare free at the point of use
Explication
The NHS was created to provide universal healthcare free at the point of use, ensuring all citizens had access to medical services without direct charges, as explicitly stated in the source.
John Maynard Keynes
Explication
Keynesianism is an economic approach advocating moderate government intervention to boost activity and limit unemployment, and it was influenced by John Maynard Keynes. The other options are economists associated with different economic theories: Adam Smith with classical economics, Milton Friedman with monetarism, and Friedrich Hayek with free-market liberalism. The source explicitly attributes the Keynesian approach to John Maynard Keynes.
Major privatisation of key industries
Explication
Thatcher's government is known for its policy of privatising major state-owned industries such as British Telecom, gas, electricity, and steel, marking a significant move towards economic liberalism and reducing government ownership.
Thatcherism is a form of economic liberalism emphasizing free markets and privatisation.
Explication
The source states that Thatcherism marked a shift towards economic liberalism through policies like privatisation and monetarism, indicating that Thatcherism is a specific implementation of broader economic liberal principles.
Negotiate trade agreements with other member states
Explication
Joining the EEC in 1973 provided the UK with a platform to negotiate trade agreements collectively with other member states, which is a direct application of influence within the European economic framework. Imposing tariffs on non-members is a national policy, not an application of EEC membership. Currency control was limited once within the EEC, especially as the UK later joined the ERM, and setting subsidies independently would conflict with collective policies.
It demonstrated her military resolve and increased her popularity.
Explication
The source states that the Falklands War was a pivotal event that boosted Thatcher’s popularity and demonstrated her military resolve. This indicates that her assertive foreign policy and resolve directly led to her victory in the war and increased support at home.
Mémorisez les réponses avec 18 flashcards sur Post-War Britain: Social Reforms and Political Shifts.
Winston Churchill — wartime leader?
Led UK government 1940-1945 during WW2.
1945 General Election — outcome?
Labour won a landslide victory, first majority.
Labour Party — post-war goal?
Implement social reforms and expand welfare state.
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