QCM : Urban Growth and Landscape Dynamics — 12 questions

Questions et réponses du QCM

1. Which statement best defines urbanisation?

The expansion of rural land into farming districts
The rise in the number of people in one city due only to births
The movement of factories from city centres to suburbs
The increasing number and concentration of urban areas over time

The increasing number and concentration of urban areas over time

Explication

Urbanisation refers to more urban areas appearing and becoming more concentrated over time. The other options describe population change, economic change, or rural land use rather than urbanisation.

2. What directly drives urban population increase when people move into cities?

In-migration into urban areas
The closure of transport routes
A fall in building density
A decrease in the number of settlements

In-migration into urban areas

Explication

Urban population increase is driven by natural growth and migration, and in-migration is the direct movement into cities. The other options do not increase urban population.

3. What is a CBD?

A suburban zone where most housing is located
A large urban area formed by joining several cities
An area affected by a city’s services and activities
The central business district where economic activities concentrate

The central business district where economic activities concentrate

Explication

A CBD is the central business district and is the core area for central economic activities. The other choices describe residential areas, a megalopolis, or a sphere of influence.

4. What does a city’s sphere of influence refer to?

The area affected by the city’s services and activities
The tallest buildings found in the city centre
The total number of factories inside the city
The road network used only for commuting

The area affected by the city’s services and activities

Explication

A sphere of influence is the area reached by a city’s services and activities. It is about the city’s impact beyond its boundary, not just its buildings or roads.

5. Which option is an example of urban regeneration?

The breakdown of old buildings without replacing them
The building of new suburbs without planning
A shared transport system used to reduce congestion
Wider redevelopment to improve economic, social, and environmental outcomes

Wider redevelopment to improve economic, social, and environmental outcomes

Explication

Urban regeneration is broader redevelopment aimed at improving economic, social, and environmental conditions. Public transport is a separate solution, and the other options do not match regeneration.

6. Which approach is used to guide how land use and growth are organised in cities?

Drainage basin management
Mechanical weathering
Longshore drift
Town planning

Town planning

Explication

Town planning is the method used to organise land use and urban growth. The other options belong to coastal, geomorphological, or river topics.

7. What is weathering?

The breakdown of rock at or near Earth’s surface into smaller materials
The melting of rock deep underground
The movement of rock fragments by wind or water
The deposition of sediment in a new location

The breakdown of rock at or near Earth’s surface into smaller materials

Explication

Weathering is the breakdown of rock in place at or near the surface. Erosion and deposition move material, so they are different processes.

8. Which landform is commonly associated with karst processes?

A spit
A delta
A sinkhole
An estuary

A sinkhole

Explication

Sinkholes are karst features linked to cave development and collapse in soluble rock. The other options are river or coastal landforms.

9. What is longshore drift?

The movement of sediment along a coast caused by waves approaching at an angle
The building of sand by river deposition at the coast
The direct fall of pebbles from cliffs into the sea
The removal of material by backwash only

The movement of sediment along a coast caused by waves approaching at an angle

Explication

Longshore drift transports sediment along the shoreline when waves approach at an angle. The other options confuse it with cliff erosion, backwash, or river deposition.

10. Which statement best describes a constructive wave?

It always creates cliffs and caves
It builds coastal material through swash-dominant processes
It forms only in river mouths
It removes coastal material through backwash-dominant processes

It builds coastal material through swash-dominant processes

Explication

Constructive waves are associated with stronger swash than backwash, so they build up material on the coast. Destructive waves do the opposite and remove material.

11. What is a drainage basin in a river system?

The land area that collects rainfall and channels it to a river system
The point where a river meets the sea and deposits most of its sediment
The distance between two tributary confluences along the main channel
The bend in a river where erosion and deposition occur on opposite banks

The land area that collects rainfall and channels it to a river system

Explication

A drainage basin is the area of land that receives rainfall and drains it into a river system. The other options describe a meander, a river mouth, or an unrelated spacing measure.

12. How is an oxbow lake formed?

When erosion deepens both banks of a straight river reach
When tributaries join to create a larger drainage basin
When sediment builds out at a river mouth to form a fan-shaped deposit
When a meander is cut off from the main river channel

When a meander is cut off from the main river channel

Explication

An oxbow lake forms when a meander becomes separated from the main channel, leaving a crescent-shaped waterbody behind. The other options describe a delta, drainage basin formation, or an incorrect erosion process.

Révisez avec les flashcards

Mémorisez les réponses avec 12 flashcards sur Urban Growth and Landscape Dynamics.

Urbanisation — definition?

Increase in urban areas over time.

Urban growth — driver?

Population increase and migration.

Settlement types — purpose?

Compare urban areas across regions.

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