Internal environment — definition?
Extracellular liquids bathing cells.
Claude Bernard — role?
Introduced concept of internal environment.
Homeostasis — purpose?
Maintain stable internal environment.
Negative feedback — mechanism?
Counteracts initial change.
Positive feedback — mechanism?
Amplifies initial change.
Blood plasma — function?
Transports nutrients, gases, waste.
Serum — difference from plasma?
Lacks fibrinogen after clotting.
Albumin — role?
Maintains oncotic pressure.
Erythrocytes — function?
Transport oxygen and CO2.
Hematopoiesis — location?
Occurs in bone marrow.
Hematopoietic stem cell — role?
Gives rise to all blood cells.
Hematopoietic lineages — examples?
Myeloid: RBCs, granulocytes, monocytes; Lymphoid: B, T, NK cells.
Hemostasis — phases?
Vasoconstriction, platelet plug, fibrin clot.
Blood groups — basis?
Surface antigens on RBCs.
Osmolality — what?
Osmoles per kilogram of water.
Tonicity — what?
Effective osmotic concentration affecting cells.
Na+,K+-ATPase — function?
Maintains ion gradients using ATP.
Starling forces — influence?
Water movement across capillaries.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 18 questions sur Fundamentals of Human Blood and Homeostasis.
1. What best describes the internal environment of the body?
2. Which statement best describes negative feedback in homeostatic control?
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