DNA structure — base pairing?
A pairs with T; C pairs with G.
Genes — function?
Carry instructions for specific proteins.
Chromosomes — composition?
DNA tightly coiled with proteins.
Karyotype — purpose?
Displays chromosome number and structure.
Mitosis — outcome?
Genetically identical diploid cells.
Meiosis — purpose?
Produce haploid gametes for reproduction.
Fertilisation — process?
Sperm and egg fuse to form zygote.
Punnett square — use?
Predict offspring genotypes and phenotypes.
Mutations — effect?
Change in DNA sequence.
Genetic disorder — cause?
Result of harmful mutations.
Cell theory — statement?
All living things made of cells.
Prokaryotic cells — lack?
Nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic cells — contain?
Nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Cell organelles — produce?
Carry out specific cell functions.
Surface area — importance?
Affects exchange with environment.
Cell size — limitation?
Small size for efficient transport.
Variables — in experiments?
Independent, dependent, controls.
Bioethics — concern?
Moral issues in biology and genetics.
Genetic engineering — ethical issue?
Potential risks and misuse.
Cloning — method?
Create genetically identical organisms.
CRISPR — function?
Edit specific DNA sequences.
DNA — discovered?
By Friedrich Miescher in 1869.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 22 questions sur Genetics and Cell Biology Fundamentals.
1. What is the correct base-pairing rule in double-stranded DNA?
2. Which statement best describes a DNA nucleotide?
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