Alleles — definition?
Alternative forms of a gene.
Dominant vs recessive — difference?
Dominant shows in heterozygotes; recessive only in homozygotes.
Homozygous vs heterozygous — meaning?
Homozygous has identical alleles; heterozygous has different alleles.
Recessive trait — when observed?
Only when homozygous recessive.
Dominant trait — when observed?
In heterozygous or homozygous dominant.
Single-factor cross — purpose?
To study inheritance of one gene.
True-breeding parents — role?
Pure lines that pass traits reliably.
F1 generation — produced by?
Crossing two true-breeding parents.
F2 generation — produced by?
Crossing F1 individuals.
Gene locus — location?
Chromosome site of a gene.
Genotype notation — example?
TT, Tt, tt.
Punnett square — use?
Predict offspring genotypes and ratios.
Probability — formula?
Favorable outcomes divided by total outcomes.
Chance — in genetics?
Unpredictable outcome frequency.
Mendel’s law of segregation — states?
Alleles separate during gamete formation.
Predicting genotypes — method?
Use Punnett squares and inheritance rules.
Test cross — purpose?
Determine unknown genotype by crossing with tt.
Single-gene traits in animals — example?
EIC in dogs, coat types, leg length.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 18 questions sur Genetics Fundamentals and Inheritance.
1. What do the terms homozygous and heterozygous describe for a single gene?
2. When does a recessive trait appear in an individual?
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