River drainage basin — definition?
Area where all water drains into a main river.
Watershed boundary — role?
Separates adjacent drainage basins.
Main river system — components?
Main river plus tributaries forming a network.
River course sections — types?
Upper, middle, lower courses.
River types — examples?
Glacier, rain, and mixed rivers.
Flow regime types — influence?
Determine seasonal water flow patterns.
Flow delay time — effect?
Shorter delay causes quicker runoff.
River gradient — what?
Vertical drop per kilometer.
Discharge — definition?
Volume of water passing a point per second.
Precipitation distribution — impact?
Affects flow regime and flood timing.
Urbanization — effect on runoff?
Reduces infiltration, increases runoff.
Tides — high water?
Spring tide causes higher water levels.
Tides — low water?
Neap tide causes lower water levels.
Dikes — purpose?
Prevent flooding during high water.
Floodplains — formation?
Deposited sediments raise floodplain levels.
River length profile — sections?
Upper, middle, lower courses.
Flow regime — in mixed rivers?
More uniform throughout the year.
Flow delay time — decreased by?
Urbanization and soil sealing.
Sedimentation — effect on floodplain?
Raises elevation, requiring higher dikes.
River gradient — in upper course?
Steep, high drop, rapid flow.
Discharge — varies with?
Precipitation and human activity.
Precipitation — affects?
Flow regime and flood risk.
Tide variations — influence?
Affect river levels and flood defenses.
Dikes — during spring tide?
High sea levels increase flood risk.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 12 questions sur River Hydrology and Flood Management.
1. What is a river drainage basin?
2. What natural features typically form watershed boundaries that separate adjacent drainage basins?
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