Fiche de révision : Filter or Fact?

📋 Plan du Cours

1. Filtres et publicité trompeuse
2. Ophelia et beauté idéalisée
3. Concours Miss America
4. Real Beauty Sketches
5. Bigorexia et corps idéalisés
6. Attentes avec supposed to

📖 1. Filtres et publicité trompeuse

📝 Points essentiels

📌 Filters make an image look more perfect than reality.

📌 The ASA judged the advertising content misleading because the filter made the make-up effect look more convincing than the product could really produce.

💡 Astuce mémo

Filter = more perfect than reality

📖 2. Ophelia et beauté idéalisée

★ À maîtriser

• Ophelia was painted by John Everett Millais in 1851–52 as part of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.

• Millais and his friends, the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, painted people and nature exactly as they saw them, with great attention to detail.

Compléments

📌 Ophelia can be seen as an ideal image of beauty because it presents a woman in a carefully composed, beautiful and poetic natural setting.

💡 Astuce mémo

Une jeune femme entourée d’une nature observée dans ses moindres détails

📖 3. Concours Miss America

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• pageant : A competition where people are judged on their looks and talent.
• outward appearance : The way someone looks from the outside, not who they really are.
• chairwoman : The woman in charge of an organisation or a board.
• evening gown : A long, formal dress worn for special evening events.
• to be rated on something : To be judged and given a score for a particular quality.
• easy on the eye : Pleasant or nice to look at.
• curves and dimples : The shape of someone's body and small hollows in the skin.
• to cling to an idea : To refuse to give up an idea, even if it is old-fashioned.
• naysayers : People who criticise a plan and say it will fail.

📝 Points essentiels

• The Miss America competition ended its swimsuit portion in 2018.

• On 5 Jun 2018, NPR reported that the Miss America competition would end its swimsuit portion.

📌 The sentence “We will no longer judge our candidates on their outward physical appearance” means that judging candidates by their outward appearance will stop.

💡 Astuce mémo

Outward appearance ≠ inner identity

📖 4. Real Beauty Sketches

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• forensic artist : An artist trained by the FBI who can draw a person's face from hearing a description.
• self-critical : Focusing on one's flaws rather than one's good features.

📝 Points essentiels

• On 14 Apr 2013, Dove published Real Beauty Sketches.

• In the experiment, each woman first described herself, and then a stranger described the same woman to Gil Zamora.

📌 The sketch made from the stranger's description looked more flattering and was more accurate than the woman's own version.

💡 Astuce mémo

Self-description ≠ stranger’s description

📖 5. Bigorexia et corps idéalisés

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• bigorexia : A problem linked to feeling pressure to have an ideal muscular body.

★ À maîtriser

• Social media has made the pressure surrounding ideal bodies worse by exposing boys and men to more images of muscular bodies than in the past.

Compléments

• Teenagers are especially vulnerable to this pressure because they are still developing their identities and are sensitive to social expectations.

💡 Astuce mémo

Social-media pressure → muscle dysmorphia

📖 6. Attentes avec supposed to

📝 Points essentiels

📌 In English, be supposed to + base verb expresses an external social expectation or implicit norm, not a law or strict obligation.

• “Girls are supposed to be thin; boys are supposed to be muscular” expresses socially imposed expectations about bodies.

📌 “We're supposed to look a certain way” describes a social norm, whereas “must” or “have to” describes a direct obligation.

💡 Astuce mémo

Supposed to = expectation, must = direct obligation

📊 Tableaux de synthèse

Supposed to et must/have to