What contents does the exam focus on?
Vocabulary, grammatical models, and translation.
What does the translation grade mainly evaluate?
Doing the work oneself.
What is not primarily evaluated in the translation grade?
Translation perfection and use of automatic translators.
What does から indicate with からできる or からできている?
It indicates the origin of a material that has undergone a significant transformation and whose initial form is no longer visible.
What does で indicate in でできている?
It indicates a manufacturing material that remains recognizable.
What does できる emphasize?
The manufacturing process.
What does できている describe?
The state or composition of an already finished object.
Comment forme-t-on un nom en さ à partir d'un adjectif en い ?
On supprime い puis on ajoute さ.
Que signifie un nom en さ ?
Il exprime le degré ou la qualité mesurable ou perceptible d'un adjectif.
What does Nのように express in Japanese?
It compares an action or state to a model, meaning "like" or "in the same way as."
What does で indicate in ~は Nで有名だ or ~は Nで知られている?
It indicates the reason or characteristic for which someone or something is famous or known.
How does the suspensive form connect clauses without using て?
By changing い-adjectives to く, な-adjectives to で, and verbs in ます form keep their stem plus く or appropriate ending.
How does the negative suspensive form ~ないで change in a more formal register?
It becomes ~ず or ~ずに.
What does VB-ます+始める mean?
To start doing something.
What does VB-ます+終える express?
To finish completely doing something.
What does N1はN2によって違う mean?
N1 varies according to N2.
What does N1はN2による mean?
N1 depends on N2.
In neutral VB, how do you say 'whether or not' with adjectives and Nによって違う or Nによる?
Use い or な adjective + かどうかは Nによって違う or Nによる.
What does かどうか introduce in sentences with Nによって違う or Nによる?
A yes/no question whose answer varies or depends on N.
Que signifie la structure ~は VB neutre ou adjectif + と言われている ?
Elle signifie « on dit que » et rapporte une information largement répandue.
À quoi sert というのは ?
À définir, expliquer ou reformuler un mot, une expression, une idée ou une situation.
Que signifie Nのことだ ?
Cela explique qu'un terme désigne une personne, un objet, un lieu ou une notion.
Que signifie Nということだ ou Sということだ ?
Cela reformule une idée ou tire une conclusion.
What does ~とか…とか present in informal Japanese?
Examples of nouns, verbs, adjectives, or phrases in an informal register.
What does ~や… enumerate in Japanese?
Some nouns in a more formal register.
What does ~って familiarly replace in spoken Japanese?
The topic particle は.
Which particle does ~って replace familiarly to report speech or thoughts?
The particle ~と.
With which verbs is ~って used to report speech or thoughts?
Verbs like 言う, 聞く, 思う, 書く, 知る, and 読む.
What does N1だけでなく、N2も express in Japanese?
It expresses 'not only N1, but also N2'.
What is the informal variant of N1だけでなく、N2も?
The informal variant is だけじゃなくて.
What is the formal variant of N1だけでなく、N2も?
The formal variant is であるだけでなく.
In N1 + particle + の + N2, what does the particle indicate?
The particle keeps the grammatical relation between N1 and the group.
In N1 + particle + の + N2, what is the role of の?
の links the group to the main noun N2.
How long does one lesson last in the course organization?
Three to four weeks.
What activities are included in one lesson?
Two conversations, grammar explanation and practice, and a reading text.
What does パンは小麦からできています mean?
Bread is made from wheat.
What does この机は木でできています mean?
This table is made of wood.
What does 北海道は自然で有名です mean?
Hokkaidō is known for its nature.
What does 卒業できるかどうかは成績によります mean?
Whether one can graduate depends on the grades.
What kind of actions does ~たり…たりする give examples of?
Habitually performed actions.
What can ~とか…とか present besides actions?
Examples including nouns, adjectives, or phrases.
Which particles precede の in 友達へのプレゼント, 日本での仕事, and AIについての発表?
The particles へ, で, and について precede の respectively.
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1. Quels contenus sont notamment évalués lors de l’examen ?
2. Quel aspect est principalement pris en compte dans la note de traduction ?
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