Fiche de révision : The Circular Economy

📋 Plan du Cours

1. Vocabulaire de l’économie circulaire
2. Modèles linéaire et circulaire
3. Modèles économiques circulaires
4. Cycle de vie des produits
5. Principes et solutions circulaires

📖 1. Vocabulaire de l’économie circulaire

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Linear economy : a traditional production and consumption model based on “take, make, dispose”: raw materials are collected, transformed into products, used and finally thrown away as waste.

📝 Points essentiels

• Waste signifie déchets ; landfill signifie décharge ; raw materials signifie matières premières ; natural resource signifie ressource naturelle.

• Finite resource signifie ressource limitée ; packaging signifie emballage ; expired signifie périmé ; throw away signifie jeter.

• Reuse signifie réutiliser ; repair signifie réparer ; extend useful life signifie prolonger la durée de vie utile ; good quality signifie de bonne qualité.

💡 Astuce mémo

De waste à recover : jeter, réutiliser, prolonger, récupérer

📖 2. Modèles linéaire et circulaire

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Circular economy : a production and consumption model involving sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing and recycling existing materials and products for as long as possible.

📝 Points essentiels

📌 A linear example is a plastic bottle used once and thrown away, whereas a circular example is a reusable bottle used many times.

📌 The linear model uses many natural resources, creates waste and pollution, can damage nature, and prioritizes profit over sustainability.

💡 Astuce mémo

Linéaire : take–make–dispose ; circulaire : keep materials in use

📖 3. Modèles économiques circulaires

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Circular Supplies : products made from fully renewable, recyclable or biodegradable resource inputs.
• Resource Recovery : services that prevent resources, materials or waste from leaking into the environment and maximize their value so they can re-enter the loop.
• Product Life Extension : services that extend the life of a discarded product through repairing, upgrading or reselling it back into the loop.

💡 Astuce mémo

CS–RR–PLE–SP–PaaS

📖 4. Cycle de vie des produits

📝 Points essentiels

• A product’s five main life stages are:
  • material extraction
  • production
  • distribution
  • customer use
  • disposal after use

💡 Astuce mémo

Extract → produce → distribute → use → dispose

📖 5. Principes et solutions circulaires

📝 Points essentiels

📌 Circularity means designing products and services to reduce waste and pollution, save natural resources, reduce costs and keep products useful for longer.

• Companies should design products that:
  • eliminate waste
  • keep materials in use
  • regenerate natural systems

💡 Astuce mémo

Better design → less waste, fewer resources used, longer product life

📊 Tableaux de synthèse

Économie linéaire et circulaire