GI system — main functions?
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination.
GI tract — primary role?
Propels food, digests, absorbs nutrients.
Accessory organs — examples?
Liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands.
Digestion — process?
Enzymatic breakdown of food molecules.
Peritoneum — function?
Supports organs, reduces friction, contains vessels.
Mucosa — layer?
Innermost, secretes mucus, absorbs, protects.
Enteric nervous system — role?
Regulates motility, secretion, operates independently.
Oral cavity — structures?
Lips, cheeks, palate, tongue, teeth, salivary glands.
Stomach regions?
Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus.
Liver functions?
Bile production, blood processing, detoxification.
Gallbladder — role?
Stores and concentrates bile.
Pancreas — functions?
Produces digestive enzymes and hormones.
Small intestine parts?
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
Villi — purpose?
Increase surface area for absorption.
Large intestine — main functions?
Water absorption, feces formation, bacterial fermentation.
Cecum — location?
First part of large intestine, receives ileum contents.
Rectum — function?
Stores feces before defecation.
Anus — control?
External and internal sphincters regulate waste expulsion.
GI histology — layers?
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa.
Mucosa — role?
Secretes mucus, absorbs nutrients, protects.
Muscularis externa — function?
Peristalsis and segmentation movements.
Serosa — composition?
Visceral peritoneum, outer protective layer.
Peritoneum — types?
Visceral (organ surface), parietal (body wall).
Accessory organs — support?
Produce secretions aiding digestion, not part of GI tube.
Teste tes connaissances avec un QCM de 12 questions sur Digestive System Anatomy and Function.
1. What IS the primary function of the liver among the accessory digestive organs?
2. How might a clinician apply knowledge of the enteric nervous system when treating a patient with a motility disorder?
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