QCM : Alleles and Inherited Traits — 10 questions

Question 1

1. What is an allele?

A version of a gene at a particular chromosome position

A visible trait produced by several different genes

A complete set of chromosomes inherited from one parent

A cell that carries genetic information to offspring

Explication

An allele is a version of a gene found at a particular position on a chromosome.

Answer

A version of a gene at a particular chromosome position

Question 2

2. How many alleles for a gene does an individual typically inherit, and how are they obtained?

Two alleles, with one inherited from each parent

Four alleles, with two inherited from each parent

Two alleles, both inherited from the mother

One allele, inherited from each parent in alternating generations

Explication

An individual inherits two alleles for a gene: one allele comes from each parent.

Answer

Two alleles, with one inherited from each parent

Question 3

3. An individual has two identical alleles for a particular trait. What term describes this genetic state?

Homozygous

Heterozygous

Dominant

Recessive

Explication

An individual is homozygous when the two alleles for a trait are identical. Heterozygous refers to two different alleles.

Answer

Homozygous

Question 4

4. An individual has two different alleles for a particular trait. What term describes this genetic state?

Homozygous

Dominant

Heterozygous

Recessive

Explication

An individual is heterozygous when the two alleles for a trait are different. Homozygous means the alleles are identical.

Answer

Heterozygous

Question 5

5. How many copies of a dominant allele are needed for the associated trait to be visible in an individual's appearance?

No copies, because appearance is independent of alleles

Two identical copies

One copy

Two different copies

Explication

A dominant trait is visible when an individual has just one copy of the relevant allele.

Answer

The recessive trait is dominated by the dominant trait

Answer

The person’s phenotype

Answer

The possible inherited gene combinations and their likelihoods

Answer

Combine the parental alleles to identify possible offspring combinations

Question 6

6. What happens to a recessive trait when a dominant trait is present?

The recessive trait becomes dominant in appearance

The recessive trait changes into a different allele

The recessive trait is visible with one allele copy

The recessive trait is dominated by the dominant trait

Explication

A recessive trait is dominated by a dominant trait. In contrast, a dominant trait can be visible with one allele copy.

Question 7

7. Which term describes the combination of allelic symbols representing the alleles for a trait?

Physical characteristic

Punnett square

Phenotype

Genotype

Explication

A genotype is the allelic combination that represents the alleles for a trait. A phenotype is the trait’s physical expression.

Question 8

8. A person has a particular hair color that can be observed directly. What does this observable characteristic represent?

The person’s inherited gene combination

The person’s allele pair notation

The person’s phenotype

The person’s genotype

Explication

A phenotype is the physical expression of a trait, such as observable hair color. A genotype refers to the underlying allelic combination.

Question 9

9. What does a Punnett square primarily show?

The physical development of offspring over time

The exact genetic makeup of every ancestor

The observable traits of one individual

The possible inherited gene combinations and their likelihoods

Explication

A Punnett square displays the combinations of genes offspring could inherit and the likelihood of each combination. It does not describe one individual’s genotype directly or track development over time.

Question 10

10. When constructing a Punnett square, what should be done after identifying the alleles contributed by both parents?

Replace the parental alleles with the offspring’s observed characteristics

Determine the offspring’s physical traits without considering allele combinations

Record only the dominant allele from each parent

Combine the parental alleles to identify possible offspring combinations

Explication

The parental alleles are combined in the square to determine possible gene combinations in the offspring and the likelihood of each. Ignoring recessive alleles would produce incomplete results.

QCM : Alleles and Inherited Traits — 10 questions

Questions et réponses du QCM

1. What is an allele?

2. How many alleles for a gene does an individual typically inherit, and how are they obtained?

3. An individual has two identical alleles for a particular trait. What term describes this genetic state?

4. An individual has two different alleles for a particular trait. What term describes this genetic state?

5. How many copies of a dominant allele are needed for the associated trait to be visible in an individual's appearance?

6. What happens to a recessive trait when a dominant trait is present?

7. Which term describes the combination of allelic symbols representing the alleles for a trait?

8. A person has a particular hair color that can be observed directly. What does this observable characteristic represent?

9. What does a Punnett square primarily show?

10. When constructing a Punnett square, what should be done after identifying the alleles contributed by both parents?

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