Fiche de révision : Dystopies et factions en anglais

📋 Plan du Cours

1. Définir la dystopie
2. Les règles de la Société
3. Décrire une affiche de film
4. Le monde de Divergent
5. Le monde de In Time
6. Adjectifs et émotions dystopiques
7. Suffixes et factions de Divergent
8. Obligations et interdictions
9. Vêtements et opinion personnelle
10. Intensité et test des factions

📖 1. Définir la dystopie

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• Dystopia : A dystopia is the reverse of a utopia: it is a bad, oppressive society that people want to escape.

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• Many dystopian stories derive from our society; otherwise, they would just be fantasies.

• The catastrophes mentioned as causes of dystopian settings include : war, disease, overpopulation, technology causing the collapse of civilisation

Compléments

• Dystopian stories often take place after an apocalypse that has destroyed society and left people struggling to survive.

• In stories set after a nuclear war, a few people try to survive.

💡 Astuce mémo

Dystopie : société au pire ; utopie : société au mieux.

📖 2. Les règles de la Société

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• In the Society, the government decides where citizens work, whom they love, and when they die, using statistics and probabilities to plan what it considers their best possible life.

• Citizens may read and see only one hundred approved poems, paintings, songs, and stories, preserved to give them limited information.

📌 Citizens are not allowed to write, draw, or create anything that does not already exist, or to learn another job.

• 🔄 The citizens’ life course is organised as follows :
  1. At age 17, each citizen attends a Matching Banquet.
  2. Each citizen is paired for life with an assigned partner.
  3. The citizen marries and has children with that partner.
  4. After a Final Banquet, the citizen dies at age 80.

Compléments

• Each citizen has one job, and people eat government-approved meals and play pre-approved games.

📌 At night, citizens must observe a mandatory curfew.

📖 3. Décrire une affiche de film

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• The document is a movie poster for Divergent, a film based on a novel written by Veronica Roth.

• The two main characters shown in the foreground are Tris and Four, standing on a very high skyscraper and dressed in black.

Compléments

• Tris is in the top right-hand corner, whereas Four is in the middle, crouched down and carrying a gun.

• The poster background shows :

  • birds
  • the sky
  • a large city with skyscrapers
  • a Ferris wheel

• The poster’s tagline is “What makes you different makes you dangerous”, and the story takes place in future Chicago.

📖 4. Le monde de Divergent

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• Divergent is set in post-war Chicago, where survivors are divided into five factions according to their personalities.

• Every year, sixteen-year-old boys and girls take an aptitude test that indicates their faction, then choose whether to stay with their family’s faction or transfer to a new one.

Compléments

• People who do not complete initiation into their new faction are forced to live in poverty on the city streets.

📖 5. Le monde de In Time

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• In In Time, people pay with time instead of ordinary money, and each person has a timer on their arm.

📌 When a person’s timer reaches zero, that person dies; rich people can live forever, while poor people die young.

Compléments

• In In Time, a poor son and his mother live in a small flat that looks like a prison, and the son works in a factory.

• People in In Time are watched and feel sad, unhappy, depressed, afraid, or angry.

💡 Astuce mémo

Quand le compteur atteint zéro, la personne meurt.

📖 6. Adjectifs et émotions dystopiques

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📌 Scary and depressing describe things that cause fear or sadness, whereas scared and depressed describe the people experiencing those emotions.

• The dystopian adjectives and emotion words include stressed, scared, scary, bad, depressed, depressing, angry, sad, unfair, hopeless, tired, afraid, oppressive, oppressed, and anxious.

Compléments

📌 Unfair means not just, hopeless means desperate, stressed means anxious, and scared means afraid.

• “I am tired because I didn’t sleep” gives tired as an example of an emotion adjective.

💡 Astuce mémo

Scary décrit ce qui effraie ; scared décrit la personne qui a peur.

📖 7. Suffixes et factions de Divergent

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• -ful : The suffix -ful means “full of”, as in playful (“joyful”) and truthful (“honest, truthful”).
• -less : The suffix -less means “without”, as in fearless (“brave”) and helpless (“unable to manage alone”).

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• Dauntless members are brave, fearless, free, and crazy; they work as protectors, soldiers, and police officers.

• Candor values honesty and order, tells the truth, and includes lawyers and judges.

• Erudite members are smart and value logic and knowledge; they work as scientists and doctors.

Compléments

• Amity values kindness and harmony, its members are described as happy, and they work as farmers.

• Abnegation members help other people and serve as members of the government.

📖 8. Obligations et interdictions

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• Must expresses a strong obligation internal to a group or community, as in “In Abnegation, members must wear grey clothes.”

• Have to expresses an external obligation, such as a law, official rule, or practical necessity, as in “People have to carry their identity card at all times.”

• Mustn’t expresses a strict prohibition, as in “Dauntless members mustn’t wear colourful clothes.”

• Be allowed to expresses permission, while not be allowed to and be forbidden to express prohibition.

Compléments

📌 After have to and be allowed to, the following verb is in the base form.

💡 Astuce mémo

Must exprime une obligation interne ; have to, une obligation extérieure.

📖 9. Vêtements et opinion personnelle

🔑 Notions clés & Définitions

• sweater : Sweater signifie un pull.
• blazer : Blazer signifie un blazer ou une veste de costume.
• tracksuit : Tracksuit signifie un survêtement.
• dress : Dress signifie une robe.
• waistcoat : Waistcoat signifie un gilet.
• tee-shirt : Tee-shirt signifie un tee-shirt.
• jeans : Jeans signifie un jean.
• trousers : Trousers signifie un pantalon.
• water : Water signifie de l’eau.
• sport shoes : Sport shoes signifie des chaussures de sport.
• tennis shoes : Tennis shoes signifie des chaussures de tennis.
• scarf : Scarf signifie une écharpe.
• top : Top signifie un haut.
• glasses : Glasses signifie des lunettes.
• blouse : Blouse signifie un chemisier ou une blouse.
• necklace : Necklace signifie un collier.
• bracelet : Bracelet signifie un bracelet.
• skirt : Skirt signifie une jupe.
• bag : Bag signifie un sac.
• tie : Tie signifie une cravate.
• ruffled skirt : Ruffled skirt signifie une jupe à volants.

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• The faction clothing rules given are :
  • Erudite members must wear blue.
  • Abnegation members must wear grey.
  • Candor members must wear black and white.
  • Dauntless members wear black.

Compléments

• Amity members are allowed to wear red and yellow and may wear accessories.

• Expressions for giving an opinion include :

  • In my opinion
  • From my point of view
  • As far as I’m concerned
  • Personally, I think
  • I believe that
  • I feel that

📖 10. Intensité et test des factions

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📌 English adverbs of intensity specify the intensity of an adjective and are placed before the adjective they modify.

Compléments

• The intensity adverbs presented are :

  • extremely
  • really
  • quite
  • a little
  • not

• The sentence “I am Divergent. I am really intelligent and a little generous” shows intensity adverbs placed before adjectives.

• The Candor faction values honesty; its members are described as truthful and just, sometimes rude, and they hate liars.

• The Erudite faction values intelligence and logical solutions; its members are described as clever and hardworking, sometimes arrogant, and they hate ignorance.

• The Amity faction is friendly and sociable, values getting along with others, and hates conflict and aggression.

• The Abnegation faction is selfless and enjoys helping others; its members are described as generous and noble, and they hate selfish people.

• The Dauntless faction is courageous and bold, faces problems head on, and hates weakness; its members may be described as brave and adventurous, but sometimes aggressive.

• The example sentence “Lucas is Erudite faction because he is quite hardworking and really clever” uses quite and really to intensify adjectives.