Atomic number — definition?
Number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Electrons vs protons — balance?
Equal electrons and protons make a neutral atom.
Ion formation — mechanism?
Gaining or losing electrons creates charged ions.
Atomic mass — components?
Sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus.
Isotopes — difference?
Same element, different neutrons and mass.
Energy levels — electrons?
Electrons occupy discrete energy states.
Electron configuration — purpose?
Describes electron distribution in orbitals.
Valence electrons — role?
Determine chemical reactivity and bonding.
Periodic table — organization?
Arranged by increasing atomic number, grouped by properties.
Shells — grouping?
Energy levels grouping orbitals with same n.
Orbitals — function?
Regions where electrons are likely found.
Atomic number — key?
Defines element identity and nuclear charge.
Neutrons — role?
Contribute to atomic mass, isotope differences.
Molar mass — how calculated?
Weighted average of isotopic masses.
Quantum of energy — meaning?
Energy difference between levels.
Electron filling — rule?
Lowest energy orbitals filled first (Aufbau).
Valence electrons — importance?
Key to chemical bonding and periodic trends.
Periodic table — features?
Organized by atomic number, groups share properties.
Testez vos connaissances avec un QCM de 9 questions sur Fundamentals of Atomic Structure.
1. How do the atomic number and the charge on the nucleus compare?
2. How can you determine the net electric charge of an atom that has gained or lost electrons in practice?
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