UK Common Law — origin?
Judicial decisions, medieval England.
Rule of Law — principle?
All are subject to the law.
Parliamentary Sovereignty — role?
Supreme law-making authority in UK.
ECHR — adopted?
1950, protects fundamental rights.
Human Rights Act 1998 — purpose?
Incorporates ECHR into UK law.
Section 3 — courts?
Interpret legislation compatibly with rights.
Section 4 — courts?
Issue declarations of incompatibility.
Legal sovereignty vs judicial review?
Parliament can amend laws; courts can't invalidate primary legislation.
International law — conflict with UK law?
Can create constitutional tensions; treaties require domestic legislation.
Policing — first organized force?
Bow Street Runners, 1749.
Metropolitan Police — year?
1829, established by Peel.
Policing by consent — principle?
Police authority depends on public approval.
Institutional racism — reports?
McPherson (1999), Casey (2023).
Prison overcrowding — issue?
High inmate numbers, poor conditions.
Prison conditions — concerns?
Overcrowding, violence, poor safety.
Systemic bias — example?
Disproportionate targeting of minorities.
Anti-discrimination law — aim?
Prevent unfair treatment based on protected traits.
Equality Act 2010 — protected traits?
Race, sex, disability, religion, etc.
Deprivation of liberty — legal basis?
Prisons for punishment and detention.
Prison categories — highest security?
Category A.
Rehabilitation — purpose?
Reduce reoffending through education and therapy.
Police and Rule of Law — connection?
Police must operate within legal and constitutional limits.
Civil liberties — tension with policing?
Law enforcement balances safety and rights.
Testez vos connaissances avec un QCM de 12 questions sur UK Law and Justice: Principles and Challenges.
1. What does 'Parliamentary Sovereignty' mean in the UK legal system?
2. In which year was the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) adopted?
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