QCM : Intelligent Behaviors and Social Psychology — 21 questions

Questions et réponses du QCM

1. Which description best captures what an intelligent behavior is?

A way of conducting oneself that reflects dispositions linked to efficient and effective problem-solving
Knowledge and experience applied without deliberate judgment
A talent for memorizing strategies and repeating them mechanically
A collection of facts that improves test performance

A way of conducting oneself that reflects dispositions linked to efficient and effective problem-solving

Explication

An intelligent behavior is defined as a way of conducting oneself that manifests dispositions for efficient and effective problem-solving. It is broader than simply having knowledge or experience.

2. Which of the following lists includes only examples of the fourteen intelligent behaviors?

checking for accuracy and precision; questioning and problem-posing; applying past knowledge to new situations; sense of humor
metacognition; creativity; living with wonderment; winning debates
persistence; overcoming impulsiveness; listening to others; flexibility in thinking
applying past knowledge to new situations; precision of language and thought; using all the senses; fearlessness

checking for accuracy and precision; questioning and problem-posing; applying past knowledge to new situations; sense of humor

Explication

That option matches four named intelligent behaviors: checking for accuracy and precision, questioning and problem-posing, applying past knowledge to new situations, and sense of humor. The other options include items not presented together as part of the full set.

3. What is the key component of overcoming impulsiveness before beginning a task?

Focusing only on speed and avoiding unnecessary reflection
Waiting for inspiration and then starting without further evaluation
Acting quickly to build confidence before any preparation
Planning, clarifying goals, and exploring alternative strategies while considering consequences

Planning, clarifying goals, and exploring alternative strategies while considering consequences

Explication

Overcoming impulsiveness involves deliberate preparation—planning, clarifying goals, exploring alternatives, and considering consequences. Simply acting slowly is not the defining requirement.

4. What does metacognition mean?

Physical adjustment of breathing patterns to calm down
The use of humor to prevent stressful thoughts
Awareness of how one is thinking or knowledge of what is occurring in one’s mind
The ability to quickly memorize new information

Awareness of how one is thinking or knowledge of what is occurring in one’s mind

Explication

Metacognition is defined as awareness of one’s thinking or knowing what is happening in one’s mind. The other choices describe different coping skills rather than metacognitive awareness.

5. Which set contains Plutchik’s eight fundamental emotions?

joy, fear, sadness, disgust, anger, surprise, trust, wonder
happiness, neutrality, anxiety, astonishment, sorrow, disgust, hostility, expectation
joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, anger, anticipation
love, jealousy, hope, surprise, grief, contempt, rage, curiosity

joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, anger, anticipation

Explication

Plutchik’s eight fundamental emotions are joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, anger, and anticipation. The other options include emotions not listed as the fundamental set.

6. If two emotions are adjacent on Plutchik’s wheel, what does that suggest about them?

They are closely related and can combine
They are conceptual opposites and cannot combine
They differ only in intensity, not in meaning
They always represent the positive/negative direction consistently

They are closely related and can combine

Explication

Adjacent emotions on the wheel are closely related and can combine, with combinations shown on the outer part of the wheel. Emotions across the wheel are treated as opposites, so option 2 is the documented confusion.

7. On Plutchik’s wheel, what does being nearer to the center indicate?

A more intense form of an emotion
That the emotion is an opposite of a nearby emotion
That the emotion is necessarily positive
That the emotion is weaker than emotions farther out

A more intense form of an emotion

Explication

Emotions nearest the center represent the most intense forms, while those farther away represent weaker forms. Distance from the center does not determine whether an emotion is positive or negative.

8. Which approach best matches emotion management rather than avoidance?

Suppressing emotions so they never get expressed
Ignoring feelings until they disappear
Acknowledging feelings, labeling them, regulating physical effects, communicating them appropriately, and using emotional intelligence to improve them
Parking an emotion for later and refusing to engage with it

Acknowledging feelings, labeling them, regulating physical effects, communicating them appropriately, and using emotional intelligence to improve them

Explication

Emotion management involves acknowledging and labeling feelings, regulating physical effects, communicating appropriately, and improving them with emotional intelligence. Disengaging is described as parking it, not suppressing or permanently avoiding it, which makes option 4 misleading.

9. What makes deep diaphragmatic breathing match the described practice?

Taking one quick breath and holding it briefly
Inhaling rapidly through the mouth and stopping after 15 seconds
Contracting the diaphragm so lower lungs fill with oxygen and continuing for at least 60 seconds
Breathing shallowly while relaxing the diaphragm muscles

Contracting the diaphragm so lower lungs fill with oxygen and continuing for at least 60 seconds

Explication

Deep diaphragmatic breathing is described as contracting the diaphragm, filling the lower lungs with oxygen, and continuing for at least 60 seconds. A single quick breath or shorter duration does not match the specified method.

10. What effect can labeling emotions have according to the described strategy?

It replaces emotional regulation with avoidance for later
It prevents any physical effects so communication becomes unnecessary
It increases intensity by forcing attention to the emotion
It can reduce one’s own emotional intensity and help others identify feelings more precisely

It can reduce one’s own emotional intensity and help others identify feelings more precisely

Explication

Labeling one’s emotions can reduce their intensity, and labeling another person’s emotions can defuse tension and encourage more precise identification. The other options contradict those effects.

11. Social psychology is best described as the study of how social factors shape which aspects of people’s lives?

Thoughts, feelings, perceptions, behaviors, attitudes, motives, and group experiences
Only isolated individual thoughts and emotions
Individual decision-making without considering other people
Purely biological traits with little role for social context

Thoughts, feelings, perceptions, behaviors, attitudes, motives, and group experiences

Explication

Social psychology examines how social factors and interactions influence multiple aspects of individuals and groups. Options that focus only on isolated individuals or only biology miss the social-context emphasis.

12. Which scenario most clearly represents an interaction in social psychology?

One person gives a message while the other person does not respond
A two-way exchange of communication or action between two or more people or groups
A one-time event with no observable exchange between parties
A person thinking privately without involving anyone else

A two-way exchange of communication or action between two or more people or groups

Explication

Interaction involves mutual and reciprocal exchange between two or more people or groups. A one-way message or purely private thinking lacks the required two-way component.

13. In what kinds of settings does social psychology commonly study interactions and relationships?

In settings like families, schools, workplaces, groups, and intergroup contexts
Only in virtual games where real social bonds are absent
Only in laboratories with anonymous participants
Only within the legal system during court proceedings

In settings like families, schools, workplaces, groups, and intergroup contexts

Explication

Social psychology studies interactions and relationships in everyday and institutional settings such as families, schools, workplaces, groups, and intergroup contexts. The other choices restrict the scope to cases not supported by the unit.

14. Which statement best captures the difference between an interaction and a relationship?

An interaction and a relationship are the same because both require continuing communication
An interaction is a brief exchange, while a relationship includes ongoing investments and a continuing connection
A relationship is limited to cooperation, while an interaction is limited to conflict
A relationship is only a brief exchange, while an interaction includes long-term investments

An interaction is a brief exchange, while a relationship includes ongoing investments and a continuing connection

Explication

A relationship goes beyond an interaction by including the investments and continuing connection that maintain and develop the association. A brief exchange can be an interaction without becoming a deeper relationship.

15. Why is time, effort, and commitment important when forming social relationships?

It helps establish personal or professional relationships by supporting their development
It is only needed for casual friendships and not for professional ties
It replaces the need for good interactions once contact begins
It guarantees that every interaction will become a deeper relationship

It helps establish personal or professional relationships by supporting their development

Explication

Time, effort, and commitment are described as vital for establishing social relationships in both personal and professional contexts. The material does not say commitment guarantees deeper relationships every time.

16. What best explains what person perception involves after seeing or meeting someone?

Predicting a person’s future behavior from genetics alone
Forming impressions and judgments about likeability, intentions, traits, and behaviors
A direct measurement of that person’s true character traits
Recording objective facts about a person without interpretation

Forming impressions and judgments about likeability, intentions, traits, and behaviors

Explication

Person perception is the formation of impressions and judgments about others’ likeability, intentions, traits, and behaviors. It is not a direct measure of the person’s character.

17. Which statement best captures how first impressions typically form?

They always remain unbiased because they occur immediately
They form quickly, involve little conscious thought, and reflect past experience
They require long-term observation to become meaningful
They develop only after extensive conscious reflection and careful evidence

They form quickly, involve little conscious thought, and reflect past experience

Explication

First impressions form within a very short time, involve little conscious thought, and are biased by past experiences. They are not necessarily accurate just because they happen immediately.

18. What is the most appropriate way to validate a perception before making a judgment?

Wait for other people to make decisions before forming your own
Make the judgment based solely on physical appearance
Use further observation, feedback and reports, and interaction
Rely only on the first observation and avoid further contact

Use further observation, feedback and reports, and interaction

Explication

To validate a perception, a person should use further observation, feedback and reports, and interaction. Depending only on the first observation does not provide validation.

19. Which option best describes a social norm?

A written law enforced by the government
A legal requirement that applies to everyone equally
A personal preference that varies only by individual taste
A spoken or unspoken rule for behaving in a particular situation

A spoken or unspoken rule for behaving in a particular situation

Explication

A social norm is a spoken or unspoken rule for behavior in a particular situation that is generally followed by members of a culture or group. It is not necessarily a formal law.

20. Why can what counts as “normal” behavior change over time for a group?

Because social norms are patterns that can shift as conditions like financial, moral, social, or psychological factors change
Because social norms depend only on individual personality, not group conditions
Because norms change only when new governments pass laws
Because social norms are fixed permanently by tradition and cannot adapt

Because social norms are patterns that can shift as conditions like financial, moral, social, or psychological factors change

Explication

Norms are typical patterns for a group and they can change over time as key conditions shift. The other choices incorrectly treat norms as fixed or purely individual.

21. How do social norms help regulate group life?

They guide and regulate behavior by encouraging people to avoid conduct that hurts, offends, or disturbs others
They primarily regulate behavior through formal contracts rather than shared expectations
They replace personal responsibility by automatically enforcing good behavior through punishment
They ensure relationships are maintained mainly through laws against minor misunderstandings

They guide and regulate behavior by encouraging people to avoid conduct that hurts, offends, or disturbs others

Explication

Social norms guide behavior because people are responsible for avoiding conduct that hurts, offends, or disturbs others. The distractors incorrectly claim norms rely mainly on formal enforcement or eliminate personal responsibility.

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What is intelligent behavior?

A way of conducting oneself that shows dispositions for efficient problem-solving.

Name three of the fourteen intelligent behaviors.

Persistence, overcoming impulsiveness, and listening to others.

What does overcoming impulsiveness involve before starting a task?

Planning, clarifying goals, exploring alternatives, and considering consequences.

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